BRIAN M. WEIGEL*, LIZHU WANG*, PAUL W. RASMUSSEN*, JASON T. BUTCHER , PAUL M. STEWART , THOMAS P. SIMON § AND MICHAEL J. WILEY *Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Integrated Science Services, Monona, WI, U.S.A. †U.S. Forest Service, Superior National Forest, Duluth, MN, U.S.A. ‡Troy State University, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Troy, AL, U.S.A. §U.S. F...

Soil productivity and plant growth are usually affected by biological activities of earthworms. The objective of this study was a comparative evaluation of earthworm abundances in 20-year-old plantations of Alder, Oak, Maple and Cypress with the adjacent natural mixed broad-leaved deciduous forest in the Caspian region of Iran. In this research one sample plot, each 1 ha; was selected in every ...

The Mediterranean countries like many world countries have forest fire problem. Many forest fires have occurred each year and huge amount of forest areas in each country have been lost. 27% of Turkey’s lands are covered by forest and 48% of these forest areas are productive, however 52% of them must be protected. There occurred 21000 forest fires due to several reasons between 1993 and 2002. It...

Synthetic Aperture Radar Tomography (TomoSAR) allows the reconstruction of the 3D reflectivity of natural volume scatterers such as forests, thus providing an opportunity to infer structure information in 3D. In this paper, the potential of TomoSAR data at L-band to monitor temporal variations of forest structure is addressed using simulated and experimental datasets. First, 3D reflectivity pro...

Ecosystem services imply the natural environmental conditions on which human life relies for existence, and their effectiveness formed and sustained by ecosystem and its ecological processes. In newly research reports, they were divided into four groups, i. e., provisioning services, regulation services, cultural services, and supporting services. To assess and valuate ecosystem services is the...

The natural environment is increasingly recognized as an effective counter to urban stress, and "Forest Therapy" has recently attracted attention as a relaxation and stress management activity with demonstrated clinical efficacy. The present study assessed the physiological and psychological effects of a forest therapy program on middle-aged females. Seventeen Japanese females (62.2 ± 9.4 years...

As landmass of the world is covered by vegetation, taking into account phenology when performing land cover classification may yield more accurate maps. The availability of no-cost Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) NDVI dataset that provides high-quality continuous time series data is representing a potentially significant source of land cover information especially for detection...