BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance is particularly harmful to infectious disease management in low-income countries since expensive second-line drugs are not readily available. The objective of this study was to implement and evaluate a computerized system for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance at a tertiary hospital in Tanzania. METHODS A computerized surveillance system for antimicro...

Early detection of new or novel variants of nosocomial pathogens is a public health priority. We show that, for healthcare-associated infections that spread between hospitals as a result of patient movements, it is possible to design an effective surveillance system based on a relatively small number of sentinel hospitals. We apply recently developed mathematical models to patient admission dat...

There is an increasing awareness of the importance of the suffering and financial cost caused by nosocomial infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) has not been in the forefront of activities in this field. For a long time it has held the role of a passive observer of many national activities, unlike the US Centers for Disease Control or the Council of Europe. For many years these group...

Time and Setting: study was conducted during 2005-2006 time period, in the pediatric intensive care unit of the “Grigore Alexandrescu” university clinic, Bucharest, Romania. Objectives: (a) estimate the medical invasive devices’ utilizations rates and also the incidence rates of the nosocomial infection (NI) temporally associated with these devices, and (b) interpret the meaning of observed rat...

We have shown that intensive care units (ICUs) in countries with limited resources have rates of device-associated health care-associated infection (HAI), including central line-related bloodstream infection (CLAB), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), 3 to 5 times higher than rates reported from North American, Western European, and Au...

Background/Aim. Acinetobacter spp. has emerged as nosocomial pathogen during the past few decades in hospitals all over the world, but it has increasingly been implicated as a serious nosocomial pathogen in military hospitals. The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the surveillance data on Acinetobacter nosocomial colonization/infection (NCI) collected during the wartime with the data...

OBJECTIVE We attempted to determine if an increase in resistance to ciprofloxacin occurred among nosocomial pathogens, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS We examined 1989-1992 ciprofloxacin susceptibility results from 8,517 P aeruginosa and 9,021 S aureus isolates associated with nosocomial infections reported to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillanc...

Pertussis is not a notifiable disease in France. In addition to a paediatric hospital sentinel surveillance system, pertussis epidemiological data have, since 1996, been gathered through the voluntary notification of community clusters by general practitioners, and since 2001 by the statutory notification of nosocomial infection to the relevant local health authority. The local health authority...

Surveillance activities for the detection of nosocomial infections at the University of Virginia Hospital (Charlottesville, Virginia) and at hospitals participating in the Virginia Statewide Infection Control Program have focused on outbreaks and device-related infections which are potentially preventable. Eleven outbreaks of nosocomial infections were identified at the University of Virginia H...