Background: Upper respiratory tract infections are the most common and frequently occurring in pediatric population. These include conditions like cold, laryngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, acute rhinitis, rhinosinusitis otitis media. Young children have an average of 6-8 colds per year, however 10 -15% at least 12 year. This study concentrates on prescription pattern Respiratory Tract Infecti...

Health professionals and patients tend to confuse drugs with similar names, thereby threatening patient safety. One out of four medication errors voluntarily reported in the US involves this type of drug name confusion. Cognitive psychology offers insight into how and why these errors occur. The objective of this investigation was to examine the effect of orthographic (i.e., spelling) and phono...

The USDA established the National Organic Program (NOP) to develop national standards for organically produced agricultural products and establish an organic certification program as required by the Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA) passed by Congress in 1990. Organic crop production excludes conventional pesticides, petroleum – based fertilizers, and sewage sludge based fertilizers with some...

In contrast to the large mammals, the bird faunas of East Africa's National Parks are rather poorly known. Williams (1967) provides a species list for most National Parks and several other reserves and the local National Parks organisations have also compiled a list for some. However, neither of these gives details of specific records nor, with a few exceptions any indication of the abundance o...

OBJECTIVE To identify gaps in the systems for reporting adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in Europe by means of an interactive database constructed using a standardized approach. METHODS A comparative survey was conducted in 1999-2000, using structured questionnaires addressed to the government authorities responsible for national immunization programmes and drug safety surveillanc...

OBJECTIVES Monitoring regional levels of transmitted HIV-1 resistance informs treatment guidelines and provides feedback on the success of HIV-1 prevention efforts. Surveillance programs for estimating the frequency of transmitted resistance are being developed in both industrialized and resource-poor countries. However, such programs will not produce comparable estimates unless a standardized ...

OBJECTIVE To characterize drug prescriptions in a university hospital adult intensive care unit. METHODS Single-center, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at an adult general intensive care unit. The study population included all of the unit's inpatients from January to March 2011. The following characteristics for all prescriptions recorded during this period were ex...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have concluded that there is significant variation in drug coverage across Canadian provinces because conventional measures of inter-rater reliability for formulary listings are low. We sought to investigate whether conventional methods are appropriate for formulary concordance measurement by testing the hypotheses that (a) conventionally measured variations in provi...