Since the mechanism underlying the insulin stimulation of (Na+,K+)-ATPase transport activity observed in multiple tissues has remained undetermined, we have examined (Na+,K+)-ATPase transport activity (ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake) and Na+/H+ exchange transport (amiloride-sensitive 22Na+ influx) in differentiated BC3H-1 cultured myocytes as a model of insulin action in muscle. The active upta...

Gomes, Pedro, and Patrı́cio Soares-da-Silva. Upregulation of apical NHE3 in renal OK cells overexpressing the rodent 1-subunit of the Na pump. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 290: R1142–R1150, 2006. First published November 17, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00102.2005.— Vectorial Na reabsorption across the proximal tubule is mediated by apical entry of Na , primarily via Na /H exchanger isofo...

In evaluating the renal mechanisms responsible for the generation of the dysnatremias, an analysis of free water clearance (FWC) and electrolyte-free water clearance (EFWC) is often utilized to characterize the rate of urinary free water excretion in these disorders. Previous analyses of FWC and EFWC have failed to consider the relationship among plasma water Na(+) concentration ([Na(+)](pw)), ...

Sodium (Na(+)) ions are of primary importance for hydromineral and cardiovascular homeostasis, and the level of Na(+) in the body fluid compartments [plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)] is precisely monitored in the hypothalamus. Glial cells seem to play a critical role in the mechanism of Na(+) detection. However, the precise role of neurons in the detection of extracellular Na(+) concentrat...

dry land salinity is one of the major problems affecting agricultural products. the main consequences of plant exposure to salt stress are water deficit and ion excess, which lead to several morphological and physiological changes. in order to evaluate the effect of salinity on some physiological characteristics of 8 spring rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted in the greenhouse at ya...

the deleterious effects of salinity on plant growth and development are associated with the imbalance ion in plant, decreased k+ and increased na+, and ultimately yield loss. in order to evaluate the effects of salinity, 41 bread wheat varieties (trticum aestivum l.) were planted in the randomized complete block design with three replications under two saline irrigation conditions, 0.631 and 11...

among abiotic stresses, salinity has been increasing over the time for many reasons like using chemical fertilizers, global warming and rising sea levels. under salinity stress, the loss of water availability, toxicity of na+ and ion imbalance directly reduces carbon fixation and biomass production in plants. k+ is a major agent that can counteract na+ stresses, thus the potential of plants to ...

Nedd4 and Nedd4-2 are ubiquitin-protein ligases known to regulate a number of membrane proteins including receptors and ion transporters. Regulation of the epithelial Na(+) channel by Nedd4 and Nedd4-2 is mediated via interactions between the PY motifs of the epithelial sodium channel subunits and the Nedd4/Nedd4-2 WW domains. This example serves as a model for the regulation of other PY motif-...

We examined the dependence of peak Na+ pump and Na+/Ca2+exchanger currents on prior Na+pump inhibition induced by exposure to zero extracellular K+ in voltage-clamped adult murine ventricular myocytes. Abrupt activation of the Na+ pump by reexposure of myocytes to extracellular K+ with a rapid solution switcher resulted in the development of a transient peak current at ∼500 ms, followed by a de...

Significant progress has been made in Na-intercalation compounds for rechargeable Na batteries. P2 NaxMO2 layered oxides have been shown to have high capacity, good cyclability, and improved rate capability. In this study, we investigate the diffusion mechanisms in P2 NaxCoO2 using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and nudged elastic band calculations. We identify the Na diffusion mechan...