● Mutations in several different genes are associated with an increased risk for venous thrombosis (VT). ● The lifetime risk for VT associated with the most common mutations is modest. For example, the lifetime risk for VT associated with factor V Leiden, a gene variant present in 5% of individuals of European descent, is estimated to be about 12% to 20%. ● However, inheritance of two copies of...

FAROOK JAHOOR,1 BRIAN GAZZARD,2 GARY PHILLIPS,3 DANNY SHARPSTONE,2 MELANIE DELROSARIO,1 MARGARET E. FRAZER,1 WILLIAM HEIRD,1 RUTH SMITH,3 AND ALAN JACKSON3 1United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030-2600; 2Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9TH...

Conventional pharmacologic treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) generally take several weeks to several months to have a clinically meaningful effect. This time lag to response constitutes a major burden for patients and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. Two published studies in patients with MDD have now provided evidence for rapid and robust antidepressant efficacy o...

Fleet, James C., and Richard J. Wood. Specific 1,25(OH)2D3-mediated regulation of transcellular calcium transport in Caco-2 cells. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G958–G964, 1999.—Calcium transport in the apical-to-basolateral (A-to-B) or B-to-A direction was examined in cells treated with 10 nM 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3, calcitriol] for up to 72 h. Net A-to-B...

MARK JORDINSON,1 ROBERT A. GOODLAD,2 AUDREY BRYNES,1 PHILIP BLISS,1 MOHAMMAD A. GHATEI,1 STEPHEN R. BLOOM,1 ANTHONY FITZGERALD,1 GEORGE GRANT,3 SUSAN BARDOCZ,3 ARPAD PUSZTAI,3 MASSIMO PIGNATELLI,1 AND JOHN CALAM1 1Imperial College School of Medicine, Division of Investigative Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN; 2Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A3PX; an...

Niinuma, Kayoko, Yukio Kato, Hiroshi Suzuki, CharlesA. Tyson, Valorie Weizer, Jack E. Dabbs, Ritchie Froehlich, Carol E. Green, and Yuichi Sugiyama. Primary active transport of organic anions on bile canalicular membrane in humans. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G1153–G1164, 1999.—Biliary excretion of several anionic compounds was examined by assessing their ATP-dependen...

Heldmaier, Gerhard, Martin Klingenspor, Martin Werneyer, Brian J. Lampi, Stephen P. J. Brooks, and Kenneth B. Storey. Metabolic adjustments during daily torpor in the Djungarian hamster. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Endocrinol. Metab. 39): E896–E906, 1999.—Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) acclimated to a short photoperiod (8:16-h light-dark cycle) display spontaneous daily torpor with ad libitum...

Robertson, J. Gray, David A. Belford, and F. John Ballard. Clearance of IGFs and insulin from wounds: effect of IGF-binding protein interactions. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Endocrinol. Metab. 39): E663–E671, 1999.—We have examined the role binding proteins have in regulating the clearance of exogenous growth factors from wounds. Hunt-Schilling chambers were subcutaneously implanted in rats, and the c...

The present study was performed to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory potential of sarpogrelate and its active metabolite, M-1, on the activities of nine human cytochrome (CYP) isoforms. Using a cocktail assay, the effects of sarpogrelate on nine CYP isoforms and M-1 were measured by specific marker reactions in human liver microsomes. Sarpogrelate potently and selectively inhibited CYP2D6mediate...

Ikejima, Kenichi, Nobuyuki Enomoto, Vitor Seabra, Ayako Ikejima, David A. Brenner, and Ronald G. Thurman. Pronase destroys the lipopolysaccharide receptor CD14 on Kupffer cells. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G591–G598, 1999.—CD14 is a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor distributed largely in macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils; however, the role of CD14 in activation...