MyoD and myogenin (Myog) recognize sets of distinct but overlapping target genes and play different roles in skeletal muscle differentiation. MyoD is sufficient for near-full expression of early targets, while Myog can only partially enhance expression of MyoD-initiated late muscle genes. However, the way in which Myog enhances the expression of MyoD-initiated late muscle genes remains unclear....

The development of ectothermic embryos is strongly affected by incubation temperature, and thermal imprinting of body growth and muscle phenotype has been reported in various teleost fishes. The complex epigenetic regulation of muscle development in vertebrates involves DNA methylation of the myogenin promoter. Body growth is a heritable and highly variable trait among fish populations that all...

The muscle regulatory protein myogenin accumulates in differentiating muscle cells when the culture medium is depleted for serum. To investigate the regulation of myogenin gene expression, we have isolated and characterized the Myf4 gene which encodes the human homologue of murine myogenin. Serum components, basic FGF (b-FGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and EGF, agents which su...

................................................................................................. 36 Introduction ............................................................................................ 38 Methods.................................................................................................. 41 Results .........................................................................

Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue capable of rapid regeneration. The functional unit of skeletal muscle, known as myofibers, contains terminally differentiated, post-mytotic myonuclei. These myofibers are often damage as a result of injury, exercise, natural turnover, or disease. Upon trauma, a rare population of muscle stem cells, known as satellite cells, mount a coordinated regenerative re...

In order to identify possible relationships between insulin, Insulin-like Growth Factors (IGFs) and the various transcription factors involved in cell proliferation and muscle growth (such as MyoD, myogenin, myostatin), we combined in vivo and in vitro experiments. Changes in food regimen in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) altered the IGF system at peptide and receptor level. The expressio...

Primary cardiac sarcomas are rare and histologically diverse, with single tumors able to demonstrate histological heterogeneity. Consequently, they often misdiagnosed as other common tumors, such myxoma or metastatic malignancies. Incorrect diagnoses can result in incomplete surgeries, inadequate treatment regimens, early recurrence. In our experience, based on the diverse cytological character...

In the present study, we investigated possible involvement of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in osteopontin-derived SVVYGLR (SV) peptide-mediated migratory activities myogenic cells and evaluated facilitative effects SV peptide on differentiation vitro. The peptide-induced migration both human-derived satellite myoblasts was substantially suppressed by TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor SB431542 or SB5051...

Endurance exercise improves walking performance in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), which is characterized by skeletal muscle dysfunction caused by lower extremity ischemia. Although transcriptional analyses of exercise-induced changes in normal animals and healthy volunteers have been reported, no detailed study has explored exercise-induced alterations in gene expression in PAD ...

The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play key roles in muscle development, maintenance, and repair, but their mechanisms of action are incompletely defined. We previously identified an autocrine pathway involving production of IGF-II and activation of the IGF-I receptor, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Akt in myoblast differentiation induced by MyoD in 10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells and fou...