The clinical entity in which Wellens' electrocardiographic changes occur normal coronary arteriesconfirmed by angiography is defined as Pseudo Wellens syndrome. Myocardial bridging a condition wheremuscle fibers abnormally bridge the intramyocardial passage of an epicardial artery, subsequentlybecomes tunneled pathway beneath them. It most commonly found middle segment left anteriordescending a...

During the past 28 months, 16 cases of WPW syndrome were operated on at Hiroshima University Hospital. Two cases were complicated by other cardiac disorders which accelerated tachycardia, making diagnosis difficult. One of these cases showed serious mitral regurgitation, due to infective endocarditis and the patient suffered cardiac failure accompanied by paroxysmal tachycardia not responsive t...

Background Coronary arteries and their major branches are usually located on the surface of the heart. Infrequently, one portion of coronary arteries is situated intra-myocardially, a condition termed myocardial bridging (MyB). Generally, its prevalence is reported to be around 15% but there is evidence that in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) this phenomen is far more frequent w...

Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is an index of the physiological significance of a coronary stenosis and is defined as the ratio of maximal blood flow in a stenotic artery to normal maximal flow. It can be easily measured during coronary angiography by calculating the ratio of distal coronary pressure to the aortic pressure. FFR in a normal coronary artery equals 1.0. An FFR value of ≤0.80 indica...

Stress cardiomyopathy is an acquired cardiomyopathy of unknown aetiology. It usually occurs in women over the age of 70 who have experienced physical or emotional stress. It is most commonly characterised by a transient, left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the apical portion and hyperkinesia in the basal segments, without obstructive coronary artery disease. Its association with obstructiv...

How to cite this article: Peters S. Mid-Ventricular Ballooning in Atherosclerotic and Non-Atherosclerotic Abnormalities of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery. J Cardiol Cardiovasc Med. 2016; 1: 009-010. Myocardial coronary bridging [1], encasement [2], and mid-LAD rigid straightening [3-5] appears to be epiphenomenon of takotsubo syndrome [6], rather than causing the disease. Typical ...

OBJECTIVE To assess long term results of coronary stent implantation in patients with symptomatic myocardial bridging. METHODS Intracoronary stent implantation was performed within the intramural course of the left anterior descending coronary artery in 11 patients with objective signs of myocardial ischaemia and absence of other cardiac disorders. All had myocardial bridging of the central p...

                                                                 Background: The use of the traditional method for saphenous vein harvesting is associated with wound complications and not on-time patient mobilization. This has caused the improvement of minimally invasive vein harvesting techniques, together with general bridging. This study was designed to compare the therapeutic results of...