. We describe here our first effort for developing a virtual talking head able to engage a situated face-to-face interaction with a human partner. This paper concentrates on the low-level components of this interaction loop and the cognitive impact of the implementation of mutual attention and multimodal deixis on the communication task.

During a dyadic social interaction, two individuals can share visual attention through gaze, directed to each other (mutual gaze) or to a third person or an object (joint attention). Shared attention is fundamental to dyadic face-to-face interaction, but how attention is shared, retained, and neutrally represented in a pair-specific manner has not been well studied. Here, we conducted a two-day...

As prior knowledge is claimed to be an essential key to achieve effective education, we are interested in exploring whether prior knowledge enhances communication effectiveness. To demonstrate the effects of prior knowledge, mutual gaze convergence and head nodding synchrony are observed as indicators of communication effectiveness. We conducted an experiment on lecture task between lecturer an...

The study of bubble dynamics, especially the interaction of bubbles, has drawn considerable attention due to its various applications in engineering and science. Meanwhile, the study of the oscillation effect of a bubble on the emitted pressure wave of another bubble in an acoustic field which has less been investigated. This issue is investigated in the present study using the coupling of Kell...

Developmental patterning requires juxtacrine signaling in order to tightly coordinate the fates of neighboring cells. Recent work has shown that Notch and Delta, the canonical metazoan juxtacrine signaling receptor and ligand, mutually inactivate each other in the same cell. This cis-interaction generates mutually exclusive sending and receiving states in individual cells. It generally remains ...

where ri(s) is the d-dimensional position coordinate of a monomer point at a contour length s of chain i, each of length N , V is the base pairing interaction at the same contour length (“directed polymer” interaction), Hev is the mutual excluded volume (ev) interaction represented by the u0 > 0 term with δΛ(r) as the usual delta function with an ultraviolet cut-off Λ in the reciprocal space. T...

The effects of inclusion shape on the quasi-static effective permittivity of a two-phase periodic composite material are discussed in this paper. The lattice is formed from complex-shaped conducting inclusions suspended in a host medium. The effective permittivity is computed using an accurate moment-method-based technique. Numerical results are presented for a variety of particle shapes includ...

This study examined longitudinal changes in second language (L2) interlocutors’ mutual comprehensibility ratings (perceived ease of understanding speech), targeting as a dynamic, time-varying, interaction-centered construct. In repeated-measures, within-participants design, 20 pairs L2 English university students from different backgrounds engaged three collaborative and interactive tasks over ...