Leprosy, a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae, classically presents with cutaneous and neurological manifestations. Musculoskeletal involvement though third most common is underdiagnosed and underreported. It may manifest in the form of Charcot’s arthropathy, acute symmetrical polyarthritis or swollen hands and feet syndrome during lepra reactions, insidious-onset ch...

Tuberculosis (TB) isa major global public healthconcern. The extrapulmonary manifestations ofTB can bemisleading and challenging todiagnose.Thoracic cold abscessis a rare unusualentity of TB.Itrepresents 1-5% musculoskeletal localisations TB constitutes differentialdiagnosiswithpyogenicabscess, slow-growingpathogens or walltumours. In endemic areas, anypainless progressive abscessshouldsuggest ...

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in Europe. Erythema migrans (EM), an early, localised skin rash, is its most common presentation. Dissemination of the bacteria can lead to more severe manifestations including skin, neurological, cardiac, musculoskeletal and ocular manifestations. Comparison of LB incidence rates in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (E...

Myofascial pain syndrome is one of the most common manifestations musculoskeletal pain, and it manifested not only by but also localized highly sensitive areas sensitivity changes. Clinical isolated trigger zones have been described in literature. However, practice, has to deal with myofascial caused multiple muscles or several neighboring regions. In this case, patterns overlap change clinical...

The increasing elderly population has a great impact on public health, and it is important to understand the progression of musculoskeletal disorders seen in this population. To establish useful preventative methods for such locomotive disorders, we must detect early changes in these individuals and identify those at risk in order to implement early interventions. The purpose of this review was...

In this study the complex interrelationship between physical factors, job stress, lifestyle and genetic factors on symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs is demonstrated by a case report and discussion of the literature. A 58 year old woman with long lasting complaints of the upper limbs with increasing intensity and duration, generalisation, combined with skin th...

Background: Reactive arthritis (ReA) is an emerging after viral infection especially respiratory and gastrointestinal related viruses. In 2020, SARS-COV2 virus sweeping worldwide with diverse symptoms prolonged post-Covid manifestations in which are arthralgia myalgia frequently present for days even months. Interestedly, covid era a part of ReA or flare autoimmune disease, it challenging. (1) ...

Musculoskeletal disease is a significant burden for children with Mucopolysaccharide (MPS) disorders. The Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) is a validated, functional measure of musculoskeletal health in children with disabilities. The goal of this study is to describe the musculoskeletal manifestations of children with MPS II (Hunter syndrome), and their functional response...

Nutrition is one of the most important factors in the growth and development of children and adolescents. According to the World Health Organization, obesity has become a worldwide epidemic and constitutes a major concern in view of the high rates of overweight and obese individuals documented both in developed countries and in the developing world. Obesity in infancy increases the risk of obes...

background and objectives: musculoskeletal disorders are common among children. burden imposed on neck, shoulder and back areas by carrying schoolbags may result in musculoskeletal disorders in students. the aim of this study is to determine the frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms and factors associated with these symptoms in students of tehran.   methods: three hundred and forty students par...