To elucidate clinical trial efficacy, safety, and dosing practices of AbobotulinumtoxinA (ABO) treatment in adult patients with lower limb spasticity.A systematic literature review was performed to identify randomized controlled trials of ABO in the treatment of adult lower limb spasticity.Of the 295 records identified, 6 primary publications evaluated ABO for the management of lower limb spast...

Background: The appearance of scoliosis is one of the largest problems among stroke patients. Trunk and pelvis abnormalities begin as a result of unequal weight distribution and muscle tightness. Presence of scoliosis usually affect the position of scapula and pelvis which in turn causes impairments of motor, sensory and perceptual functions of the upper and lower extremities. Objective: To ass...

spasticity is the condition resulting of corticispinal damage as occurs in some neurological diseases. the aim of the article is to review the literature on assessment and treatment of spasticity and spastic limbs. the assessment and treatment methods are studied the study involves different method of mangement of spastic limbs in depth. different method of evaluation of spasticity, including b...

AIM This study assessed the efficacy of Cerebrolysin on post-stroke spasticity, motor recovery, and global functions in an outpatient rehabilitation setting. METHODS In this retrospective comparison study, Cerebrolysin was administered at a daily dosage of 10 ml for over 30 days as an intramuscular injection. Control patients did not receive Cerebrolysin. All the patients participated in a st...

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a clinical condition that describes impairments of motor and sensory systems due to a lesion in immature brain. CP‐related disorders effect movements, balance and posture of the child. Spasticity is most frequent motor disorder seen in CP and effects 70–80% of the children with CP. Spasticity can lead to abnormalities in all motor system levels involving muscles, joints, ...

hereditary spastic paraplegias are highly heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders with some special mutations. we report on a patient with pescavus, distal a myotrophy, hyper extended fingers, and pectus excavatum. neurological examination showed that he had proximal lower limbs weakness with a positive gower sign, exaggerated lower limbs deep tendon reflexes with spasticity, distal muscle wa...

Sativex is an emergent treatment option for spasticity in patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). This oromucosal spray, acting as a partial agonist at cannabinoid receptors, may modulate the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, leading to muscle relaxation that is in turn responsible for spasticity improvement. Nevertheless, since the clinical assessment may not b...

OBJECTIVE Spasticity with increased tone and spasms is frequent in patients after spinal cord injury (SCI). Damage to descending corticospinal pathways that normally exert spinal segmental control is thought to play an important causal role in spasticity. The authors examined whether the modulation of excitability of the primary motor cortex with high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic ...