PURPOSE: Multiple studies demonstrate that traditional submuscular tissue expander coverage offers the best protection against implant exposure but restricts lower pole expansion. Recognizing these limitations, the authors present a pectoralis major splitting approach for complete submuscular coverage in high-risk patients or those with ischemic mastectomy skin flaps. The pectoralis major muscl...

Materials & Methods; Retrospective evaluation of selected cases operated by the same surgery team between 2000 and 2008. A total of 307 patients with a tympanic membrane perforation or retraction due to chronic otitis media were treated surgically with tympanoplasty with or without mastoidectomy. From these 96 cases who had primary repair of tympanic membrane perforation or retraction with inta...

Introduction The cephalic vein begins at the radial end of the dorsal venous arch at the back of the hand, winds around the radial border of the forearm, and ascends in the arm on the lateral side of the biceps brachii muscle. The vein lies within the superficial fascia, and pierces the deep fascia to drain into axillary vein in the shoulder region [1, 2]. The origin of the basilic vein is the ...

The undermining should split the muscle at the middle, and the same amount of muscle should be left in front of and behind the implant. The point X is found introducing a finger into the muscle incision 2–3 cm deeper. This is half of the thickness of the muscle and this is our plane of undermining. Point Y is in the iliac crest 5 cm beyond the upper-posterior iliac spine and is our superior lim...

Post-traumatic cysts of soft tissue usually occur at the junction of the subcutaneous fat and deep fascia, most often filled with serosanguinous fluid and lined with fibrous tissue. It appears as complication after severe injuries when crushing and shearing forces cause separation of the skin and subcutaneous fat from the deep fascia and muscle, creating a cavity filled with hematoma and liquef...

disease of unknown cause that can involve various organs. A diagnosis is usually made when clinical and radiological manifestations are supported by histological evidence of the presence of noncaseating granulomas in one or more tissues (1, 2). Sarcoidosis is well characterized by the presence of hilar lymphadenopathy and pulmonary infiltrates. Extrathoracic organs are also involved, such as th...

Using bone decalcified with 0-6 N hydrochloric acid as an inducing agent, the inductive capacity of different soft tissue sites was investigated. Muscle and fascia regularly permitted the induction of bone, while spleen, liver and kidney suppressed bone induction. Bone formation could be induced in these organs if living autologous fascia was implanted together with the inducing agent; while bo...

ABSTR ACT: Urinary incontinence in women is quite prevalent today and management can be costly. Urinary incontinence can be minimal or quite bothersome, limiting activities of daily living. It is subdivided into urgency urinary incontinence, stress urinary incontinence, and mixed urinary incontinence. As such, treatment can vary immensely depending on the clinical presentations, ranging from be...

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis is the most common cause of facial deformity.1-4The main etiology TMJ include trauma and infection3,5.TraditionallyTemporomandibular Ankylosis patients had been managed with different treatment options including Gap arthoplasty6,Interpositiongap arthroplasty ,distraction osteogenesis total replacement.To prevent reankylosis interposition fascia or muscle docume...