Grapevine chloroplast (cp) DNA diversity was analysed for the first time through amplification and digestion of fragments of the large single copy (LSC) region by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methodology and also by amplification of three microsatellite loci, previously described as polymorphic in grapevine. Thirty-eight grapevine cultivars collected mainly...

AIMS In order to assess the potential for producing mycotoxins, fungi were isolated from wine producing grapes. METHODS AND RESULTS The isolates were identified and Penicillium expansum, the most well recognized mycotoxin producer, was analysed for mycotoxin production by TLC. Many of the strains produced patulin and/or citrinin, often depending on whether they were grown on a grape or yeast ...

Objective: Due to rich resources of phenolic components such as anthocyanin and flavonoids, grape has grabbed lots of attention. Antioxidants are the frontline of the human immune system against free radicals and they are of high importance for the human health. Methods: In order to determine antioxidant activities, the amount of phenols, anthocyanin and ascorbic acid of 2 grapes’ varieties ("w...

This study investigated the potential to improve wine aroma by applying two inactive dry yeast products (IDYs) at the onset of ripening on Sauvignon Blanc grapes. Both products led to increased reduced glutathione concentrations in the grape juice and corresponding wines, as well as differences in individual higher alcohol acetates (HAAs) and ethyl esters of straight chain fatty acids (EEFAs) a...

Carménère is the emblematic grape of Chile. Recent studies indicate that it has a different polyphenolic profile than other commercial varieties of grape among other factors, due to its long maturation period. The grape and wine of Carménère stand out for having high concentrations of anthocyanins (malvidin), flavonols (quercetin and myricetin) and flavanols (catechin, epicatechin and epigalloc...

This work demonstrates that the own plant defence compounds, like resveratrol in grapes, can be used as a natural and ecological alternative to chemical pesticides. An extract from vine leaves was used to maintain the quality of post-harvested grapes. Specifically, an extract (95% water and 5% ethanol) of such leaves was prepared and, subsequently, different bunches of grapes were immersed in i...

Wines and grapes contain a large array of phenolic compounds belonging to non-flavonoids and flavonoids. This study evaluates the polyphenolic contents of six commercial red and white Macedonian wines and four grape varieties. Spectrophotometric methods were applied for the determination of the total phenolics, the total flavonoids, the total anthocyanins and the total catechins. The efficiency...

The characterization of the metabolites accumulated in the grapes of specific cultivars grown in different climates is of particular importance for viticulturists and enologists. In the present study, the metabolite profiling of grapes from the cultivars, Alvarinho, Arinto and Padeiro de Basto, of two Portuguese Controlled Denomination of Origin (DOC) regions (Vinho Verde and Lisboa) was invest...

Wine makers wanting to know about natural fermentations (i.e., those not intentionally inoculated with yeast starter cultures) are interested in the kinds of yeasts present naturally on wine grapes at harvest and which yeasts gain predominance during must fermentation. This information about Arkansas grapes and naturally-fermented musts is not available. Therefore, the objective of this study w...