High blood ureas have been found in untreated cases (Schloss, 1918; Bessau, Rosenbaum and Leichtentritt, 1922; Cohen, Miller and Kramer, 1933), and Schloss considered that haemoconcentration was not enough to account for this finding. By means of the phenolsulphonphthalein test and Ambard's coefficient of urea excretion he showed that the function of the kidney was impaired in a group of infant...

Butterfly or batswing shadows are perihilar opacities of a particular shape. They were observed by early authors in cases of pulmonary oedema (Day, Sisson, and Vogt, 1929; Coe and Otell, 1932; Roubier and Plauchu, 1933). Later details of the radiological appearances are described, variations noted, and several explanations of the pathogenesis suggested (Zdansky, 1933; Roubier and Plauchu, 1934;...