In this paper we explore the connections between the monadic second-order theory of one successor (MSO[<] for short) and the theories of ω-layered structures for time granularity. We first prove that the decision problem for MSO[<] and that for a suitable first-order theory of the upward unbounded layered structure are inter-reducible. Then, we show that a similar result holds for suitable chai...

Beam samples containing cranial sutures were prepared from embalmed and unembalmed cranial bone and were tested to determine their flexural stiffness and strength. With the aid of layered beam theory, the flexural stiffnesses of beams containing cranial sutures were compared to hypothetical layered cranial bone beams which did not contain sutures. The bending stiffnesses and strengths of crania...

geophysical fluids such as atmosphere and ocean often have stable density stratification; hence internal gravity waves are generated and propagated through them which are important in momentum and energy transfer in these media. these waves are also believed to generate layered structures in such media. recently there have been numerous theoretical, experimental and numerical studies on the way...

Porous-silicon (PS) multi-layered structures with three stacked PS layers of different porosity were prepared on silicon (Si) substrates by successively tuning the electrochemical-etching parameters in an anodization process. The three PS layers have different optical bandgap energy and construct a triple-layered PS (TLPS) structure with multiple bandgap energy. Photovoltaic devices were fabric...

In the field of genetic research and the subsequent rise of biobanks an intensive discussion is taking place on national and international levels about property and personality rights to one’s own body and body parts. The authors attempt to develop on the basis of the current controversially discussed law a concept of property, which can solve the legal and bioethical problems of the multiple u...

We describe the use of benzyl alcohols in a solvothermal/alcoholysis reaction to form nanocrystalline sheets of anatase titania. By tuning the reaction conditions, we adjust the size of the nanosheets. The type and density of benzyl groups that decorate the basal plane of the titania sheets control the self-assembly into layered structures. These layered materials can be grown from solid substr...

At present, propagation of electromagnetic waves in thin films and layered crystal media [1-4], in particular, in photonic magnetic crystals [5-7] and composite crystals based on silicon and liquid crystal [8-12], are being investigated extensively. Interest in investigation of these objects is motivated, on the one hand, by the demand for different layered structures with given properties in s...