Fistulas in the tracheobronchial tree (bronchopleural and tracheoesophageal fistulas) have a multifactorial etiology and present a variable incidence in the literature. In general, the related morbidity and mortality are high. Once such a fistula has been diagnosed, surgical closure is formally indicated. However, the clinical status of affected patients is usually unfavorable, which precludes ...

Coronary artery fistula is an anomaly in which a coronary artery directly connects to a cardiac chamber or great vessel. Its incidence is around 0.1 to 1% in the adult population. Dual coronary artery fistulas are far less common and their incidence is estimated to be around 5% in patients with this anomaly. Closure of the fistulas is indicated in patients with myocardial ischemia, large left t...

We describe the case of a 45-year-old female patient with coronary fistulas arising from both the left and right coronary artery system and emptying in the left ventricle. Only sporadically do coronary artery fistulas drain into the left ventricle. In our patient, the most likely explanation of the fistulous communications was a congenital cause. We review the literature on coronary cameral fis...

PURPOSE To present the results of our treatment of dural cavernous sinus fistulas with surgical exposure of the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV), retrograde venous catheterization, and coil embolization of the cavernous sinus. METHODS Twelve patients with dural cavernous sinus fistulas were treated via a retrograde transvenous SOV approach in our hospital during a 3-year period. All patients ha...

BACKGROUND Enterocutaneous fistulas are a serious complication of Crohn's disease and are difficult to treat. Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor alpha, has recently been developed as a treatment for Crohn's disease. We conducted a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of infliximab for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn's ...

The Martius flap procedure is a surgical procedure used to treat obstetric fistulas in women. Heinrich Martius developed the procedure in twentieth century Germany to treat women with urinary incontinence caused by stress, and later doctors used it to repair obstetric fistulas. Fistulas occur in pregnant women when a hole is torn between the vagina [3] and the urinary tract (called vesicovagina...

INTRODUCTION Intestinal fistulas occur in 4-8% of cases of upper gastrointestinal tract surgery. Until now, surgery has been the standard of treating fistulas in oesophagointestinal anastomosis. The use of stents and haemoclips still causes much controversy, but more and more publications present good results with this type of treatment. AIM To present results of endoscopic and surgical treat...