This cohort study assessed drug susceptibility testing (DST) patterns and associated treatment outcomes from Transnistria, Moldova, from 2009 to 2012. Of 1089 newly registered tuberculosis (TB) patients with available DST results, 556 (51%) had some form of drug resistance, while 369 (34%) had multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). There were four cases of extensively drug-resistant TB. MDR-TB patien...

BACKGROUND The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines Russia as one of the 22 highest-burden countries for tuberculosis (TB). The WHO Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) strategy employing a standardised treatment for 6 months produces the highest cure rates for drug sensitive TB. The Russian TB service traditionally employed individualised treatment. The purpose of this study was ...

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death among adults. Chemotherapy is crucial in determining patient survival and quality of life. However, the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) continues to pose a significant challenge in the management of cancer. In this study, we analyzed the role of human ribosomal protein uL3 (formerly rpL3) in multidrug resistance. Our studies revealed th...

Fungal pathogens have a robust array of multidrug transporters which aid in active expulsion of drugs and xenobiotics to help them evade toxic effects of drugs. Thus, these transporters impose a major impediment to effective chemotherapy. Although the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain AD1-8u(-) has catered well to the need of an overexpression system to study drug transport by multidrug transport...

Multidrug efflux pumps play an important role as a self-defense system in bacteria. Bacterial multidrug efflux pumps are classified into five families based on structure and coupling energy: resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND), small multidrug resistance (SMR), major facilitator (MF), ATP binding cassette (ABC), and multidrug and toxic compounds extrusion (MATE). We cloned a gene encoding...

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Distribution of Virulence Genes Involved in Biofilm Formation Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Shahrekord Medical Centers, Chaharmahal Bakhtiari, Iran

The resistance of antimicrobials has become a global hazard with the irrational use of antibiotics. Infection of drug-resistance bacteria seriously threatens human health. Currently there is an urgent need for the development of novel antimicrobial agents with new mechanisms and lower levels of toxicity. In this paper, a series of (S,Z)-4-methyl-2-(4-oxo-5-((5-substitutedphenylfuran-2-yl) methy...

Many classes of antibacterial drugs are currently available for physicians to use, however the plan of antibiotic development has slowed during the last decade. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified antimicrobial resistance as one of the 3 most important problems for human health. Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem worldwide, especially in hospitals, where resistant orga...

Many classes of antibacterial drugs are currently available for physicians to use, however the plan of antibiotic development has slowed during the last decade. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified antimicrobial resistance as one of the 3 most important problems for human health. Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem worldwide, especially in hospitals, where resistant orga...

The increased prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in combination with the relatively limited development of new antibiotics presents a serious threat to public health. In chicken, especially Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamase (ESBL) carrying Enterobacteriaceae are often asymptomatically present but can infect humans. Due to their broad range antimicrobial activity cathelicidins and othe...