The N-terminal region of VP1 of swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) is highly antigenic in swine, despite its internal location in the capsid. Here we show that antibodies to this region can block infection and that allowing the virus to attach to cells increases this blockage significantly. The results indicate that upon binding to the cell, SVDV capsid undergoes a conformational change that ...

The ribonucleoprotein-dependent RNA transcriptase in vesicular stomatitis B virions of four temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants belonging to complementation group I was analyzed in vitro at permissive (31 C) and restrictive (39 C) temperatures. The RNA-synthesizing activity of all four ts mutants was more labile at 39 C than was the transcriptive activity of wild-type (wt) virions. In order to l...

Bovine, equine and swine sera from areas free from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) Indiana 3 (IND3)--namely Argentina, Chile, Italy and Uruguay--and endemic areas (in Brazil) were examined for anti-VSV IND3 virus antibodies in order to compare results obtained using the virus neutralisation (VN) test and liquid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis of t...

A rifampin-susceptible strain (VSV Rif+) was selected from the wild vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) population unsusceptible to rifampin. The VSV Rif+ was blocked in its intracellular replication in the presence of rifampin. In cells, rifampin affected primarily VSV Rif+ transcription, but to a different extent than in a cell-free system. In addition, a decrease in the amount of VSV Rif+ prote...

Emphysema has been defined as a condition in which the alveoli of the lungs are dilated and their walls overdistended (Christie, 1952). In the classification most widely used, emphysema is divided into four groups: (1) Chronic obstructive vesicular emphysema; (2) senile or atrophic emphysema; (3) acute vesicular emphysema; and (4) localized or compensatory emphysema. Senile emphysema is often u...

Synaptic efficacy and precision are influenced by the coupling of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (VGCCs) to vesicles. But because the topography of VGCCs and their proximity to vesicles is unknown, a quantitative understanding of the determinants of vesicular release at nanometer scale is lacking. To investigate this, we combined freeze-fracture replica immunogold labeling of Cav2.1 channels, lo...

The amount of neurotransmitter stored in synaptic vesicles determines postsynaptic quantal size and thus the strength of synaptic transmission. However, little is known about regulation of vesicular neurotransmitter uptake. In recordings from the calyx of Held, a giant mammalian glutamatergic synapse, we found that changes in presynaptic Na(+) concentration above and below a resting value of 13...

Vesicular stomatitis is a viral disease primarily affecting horses and cattle when it occurs in the United States. Outbreaks in the southwestern United States occur sporadically, with initial cases typically occurring in Texas, New Mexico, or Arizona and subsequent cases occurring in a northward progression. The viruses causing vesicular stomatitis can be transmitted by direct contact of lesion...