celiac disease also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy is characterized by intestinal mucosal damage and malabsorption from dietary intake of wheat, rye or barley. symptoms may appear with introduction of cereal in the first 3 years of life. a second peak in symptoms occurs in adults during the third or forth decade and even as late as eight decade of life. the prevalence of this disease is ...

Mucosal vaccines are thought to confer superior protection against mucosal infectious diseases. In addition, mucosal routes of vaccine delivery preferentially induce the generation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells, which produce the cytokine IL-17. Th17 cells are critical in mediating vaccine-induced immunity against several mucosal infectious diseases. However, IL-17 is also a potent proinflammator...

The possibility that mucosal antibody is produced as a host response to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infection was examined in this study. 17 of 18 prospectively evaluated children ranging in age from 2 mo to 7 yr developed a detectable level of anticapsular antibody in their nasopharyngeal secretions after systemic Hib infection. The mean concentration of nasal anti-capsular antibody of...

HIV-infected humans and SIV-infected rhesus macaques experience a rapid and dramatic loss of mucosal CD4+ T cells that is considered to be a key determinant of AIDS pathogenesis. In this study, we show that nonpathogenic SIV infection of sooty mangabeys (SMs), a natural host species for SIV, is also associated with an early, severe, and persistent depletion of memory CD4+ T cells from the intes...