Background: MRE is a phase contrast MRI technique that evaluates the stiffness of tissues by directly visualizing and measuring propagated mechanical shear waves in tissues. MRE generates quantitative measurements and colorized spatial maps of shear wave displacement. The initial wave images are processed to generate an elastogram, which displays the quantitative values of the shear modulus of ...

Background and Purpose: Liver transplantation is an ultimate therapeutic option for end-stage liver disease. In the context of liver cirrhosis caused by viral hepatitis, it is known that re-infection of the graft occurs frequently and that progression of fibrosis advances more quickly in the transplanted organ [1]. Therefore, a closer follow-up is necessary including frequent biopsies for gradi...

In this paper, the information theoretic principle of Minimum Relative Entropy (MRE), given fully decomposable subset and aggregate mean value constraints, is applied, in conduction with classical queueing theory, to extend earlier works and derive new analytic approximations for the conditional and marginal state probabilities of arbitrary closed queueing network models (QNMs-B) with Generalis...

As examples such as the Monty Hall puzzle show, applying conditioning to update a proba­ bility distribution on a "naive space", which does not take into account the protocol used, can often lead to counterintuitive results. Here we exam­ ine why. A criterion known as CAR ("coarsening at random") in the statistical literature character­ izes when "naive" conditioning in a naive space works. We ...

PURPOSE To test patient acceptance and reproducibility of the 3D magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) brain exam using a soft vibration source, and to determine if MRE could noninvasively measure a change in the elastic properties of the brain parenchyma due to Alzheimer's disease (AD). MATERIALS AND METHODS MRE exams were performed using an accelerated spin-echo echo planar imaging (EPI) pu...

The biomechanical properties of brain tissue are altered by histopathological changes due to neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease (PD). Such alterations can be measured by magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a non-invasive technique to determine viscoelastic parameters of the brain. Until now, the correlation between histopathological mechanisms and observed alterations in t...

Deformation of skeletal muscle in the proximity of bony structures may lead to deep tissue injury category of pressure ulcers. Changes in mechanical properties have been proposed as a risk factor in the development of deep tissue injury and may be useful as a diagnostic tool for early detection. MRE allows for the estimation of mechanical properties of soft tissue through analysis of shear wave...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS We conducted an individual participant data (IPD) pooled analysis on the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to detect fibrosis stage in liver transplant recipients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Through a systematic literature search, we identified studies on diagnostic performance of MRE for staging liver fibrosis, using liver biopsy as gold standard. We ...

Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a phase contrast technique that provides a non-invasive means of evaluating the viscoelastic properties of soft condensed matter. This has a profound bio-medical significance as it allows for the virtual palpation of areas of the body usually not accessible to the hands of a medical practitioner, such as the brain. Applications of MRE are not restricted ...

Fipronil is a commonly used insecticide that has been shown to have environmental and human health risks. The current standard methods of detection for fipronil and its metabolites, such as GC-MS, are time consuming and labor intensive. In this study, a variant of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), was utilized to identify the first single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) mo...