2.1 Principles of Inertial Sensors A coordinate system must be defined prior to deployment of an inertial sensor for body motion measurement. If the origin of a moving coordinate system has acceleration (A0) and rotates with a gyroscopic angular velocity (ω), and if a mass (m) has the position vector (r0) and the velocity (u0) with respect to the moving coordinate system, then the inertial forc...

The Schwarzschild solution is used to find the exact relativistic motion of a payload in the gravitational field of a mass moving with constant velocity. At radial approach or recession speeds faster than 1/ 2 3 times the speed of light, even a small mass gravitationally repels a payload. At relativistic speeds, a suitable mass can quickly propel a heavy payload from rest nearly to the speed of...

Large gradual solar energetic particle events (LGSEPEs, ≥10pfu in the >10MeV channel as measured by GOES) are closely associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The intensity-time profile of a LGSEPE reveals important information on the moving directions of a CME or an interplanetary CME (ICME). This paper analyzes the moving directions of ICMEs, using the intensity-time profiles of 3 typic...

We consider the problem of ’moving mass’ under the L1 metric. In contrast to the well-known EarthMover’s-Distance (EMD, [5]) we are not only interested in the amount of work (aka EM distance) that is necessary to transfer the mass but also in reconstructing (local) translations that lead to this movement of mass. This problem is motivated by an image matching application for analysis of electro...

In this study, the Michelson–Morley experiment and result of (the speed light appears to be same in all directions) were explored. Although Lorentz gave a mathematical explanation (Lorentz transformations) for this, he did not explain decreasing momentum with internal motion systems. relation momentum, Einstein solved problem mathematically by proposing that mass systems increases movement (mov...

Energy costs of locomotion in mammals can be predicted from running speed and body mass, with the minimum cost decreasing regularly with increasing mass (Mb-0.30). The predictive value of this model is surprising, given the differences in gait and limb structure among mammals. The decrease in mass-specific cost cannot be explained by the work done in moving the limbs and the centre of mass, as ...

In this paper; we propose a method for generating realistic shadows of virtual objects inserted into a real video sequence. Our aim is to improve and extend the work of [ I ] , which is based on a static camera, to the case of a video sequence. This extension consists of several procedures: calibration of a moving video camera and a graphic camera, removing false shadows occurring due to a shor...

This paper proposes a gait planning approach to reduce the required friction for a biped robot walking on various surfaces. To this end, a humanoid robot with 18 DOF is considered to develop a dynamics model for studying various 3D manoeuvres. Then, feasible trajectories are developed to alleviate the fluctuations on the upper body to resemble human-like walking. In order to generate feasible w...