Reduced pollination success, as a function of habitat loss and fragmentation, appears to be a global phenomenon. Disruption of pollinator movement is one hypothesis put forward to explain this pattern in pollen limitation. However, the small size of pollinators makes them very difficult to track; thus, knowledge of their movements is largely speculative. Using tiny radio transmitters (0.25 g), ...

In this paper, we propose four continuous authentication designs by using the characteristics of arm movements while individuals walk. The first design uses acceleration of arms captured by a smartwatch’s accelerometer sensor, the second design uses the rotation of arms captured by a smartwatch’s gyroscope sensor, third uses the fusion of both acceleration and rotation at the featurelevel and f...

Spatio-temporal data is any information relating space and time. This entry specifically considers data involving point objects moving over time. The terms entity and trajectory will refer to such a point object and the representation of its movement, respectively. Movement patterns in such data refer to (salient) events and episodes expressed by a set of entities. In the case of moving animals...

Coastal rivers and estuaries provide habitat migratory corridors for freshwater estuarine-opportunists. We evaluated movement patterns of 61 blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) in the tidal York Rappahannock Virginia, USA with acoustic telemetry from July 2015 to June 2016. To evaluate river-specific movements, we utilized a multistate Cormack–Jolly–Seber (CJS) model within Bayesian framework est...

Human disturbance and climate change can impact populations by disrupting movement corridors reducing important habitat. Characterizing how animals respond to such environmental changes is valuable for conservation as many species experience reduced genetic diversity when deleterious habitat occurs, leading an increased likelihood of extirpation. Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) exemplify t...

Rapid improvements in the precision of mobile technologies make it possible for advertisers to go beyond using the real-time static location and contextual information about consumers. In this study, we propose a new mobile advertising strategy that leverages full information on consumers’ offline movement trajectories from different mobility dimensions. To analyze the effectiveness of this new...

Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a new end-to-end transport protocol, which can be used to support the mobility of mobile terminals. This paper describes a framework of SCTP handover and analyzes the handover latency for the single-homing mobile terminals. We then show the experimental results of the SCTP handover in terms of the handover latency and throughput for the two differe...

Received: 16 April 2008 Revised: 5 June 2008 Accepted: 9 June 2008 Abstract Areview of research that has been carried out on datamining and visual analysis of movement patterns suggests that there is little agreement on the relevant types of movement patterns and only few, isolated definitions of these exist. Since the research interest in this area has recently started to soar, we believe that...

Biological motion—that is, the movement patterns of animals and humans—provides a rich source of information that helps us to quickly and reliably detect the presence of another living being; to identify it as a predator, prey, or conspecific; and to infer its actions and intentions in order to respond with adequate behavior. Once we know that we are being confronted with another person, we are...

Weierstrassian Lévy walks are the archetypical form of random walk that do not satisfy the central limit theorem and are instead characterized by scale invariance. They were originally regarded as a mathematical abstraction but subsequent theoretical studies showed that they can, in principle, at least, be generated by chaos. Recently, Weierstrassian Lévy walks have been found to provide accura...