background: the preparation of endometrium for embryo reception and implantation are controlled by ovarian hormones. these hormones have distinct cyclical changes during estrus cycle. objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in morphology and morphometrical indices of endometrium by daily injections of estrogen and progesterone in ovariectomized mouse. materials and methods:...

Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin found in many foods worldwide, causes nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and immunotoxicity, both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we explored the cytotoxic effects exerted by OTA on the blastocyst stage of mouse embryos, on subsequent embryonic attachment, on outgrowth in vitro, and following in vivo implantation via embryo transfer. Mouse blastocysts we...

objective: experiments were conducted to find the differences between post-thaw viability and chromosome aberrations in eight-cell mouse embryos at presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) and 1, 2-propanediol (proh) as croprotectants in different storage durations. materials and methods: in this case-control study, a total number of 720 mouse embryos from about 250 nmri mice were vitrified with 3...

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) known as a serum-derived growth factor, is involved in several cell physiological functions in the female reproductive system including: oocyte maturation, in vitro fertilization and embryo implantation by its transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of LPA on in vitro follicular development o...