Objective. Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a predominantly adult disorder, with bacterial infection of the soft tissue. In children, it is relatively rare and has a fulminant course with a high mortality rate. In the neonate, most cases of NF are attributable to secondary infection of omphalitis, balanitis, mammitis, postoperative complications, and fetal monitoring. The objective of this communi...

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of family-centered care in delivery of care to sick newborns, on nosocomial infection rate. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. SETTING Tertiary referral nursery (October 2010 to March 2012). PARTICIPANTS 295 neonates randomized at the time of hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit. INTERVENTION Parent-attendant of intervention group were trained ...

Although malaria is endemic in India, neonatal disease is considered rare. We report a case of neonatal malaria in a 26-day-old neonate with fever and splenomegaly who was diagnosed after a long and unsuccessful battery of tests for splenomegaly. Routine screening for malaria is essential for all neonates with fever in endemic areas. Early diagnosis and treatment of malaria could effectively pr...

Neonatal appendicitis is a rare clinical condition that may cause high morbidity and mortality if diagnosis is delayed. There is usually an underlying disease; it can also be a localized form of necrotizing enterocolitis. Here, we present a term neonate who was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin because of severe isoimmune hemolytic jaundice. The patient developed abdominal symptoms within...

In this issue of Pediatric Annals, the articles discuss newborns who present with common neonatal symptomology, but have rare diagnostic outcomes. In the first article, Drs. Alison Chu and Harvey K. Chiu discuss tachypnea and hypoglycemia, commonly presenting symptoms during the newborn period. In the illustrated case, the early and persistent hypoglycemia was a clue to the newborn’s underlying...

Premature newborns have a lower survival expectancy than full term neonates. Determining their possible health risks is crucial. Training for health risk assessment is one of the factors that might help in lowering the mortality of premature neonates. The paper describes the design approach to develop a premature neonate simulator showing colorization of the facial skin to simulate cyanosis to ...

Respiratory failure in infants and children is a common cause of ICU admission, and diseases that jeopardize the airway are the most frequent cause of cardiac arrest in neonatal and pediatric patients.1,2 In neonates specifically, there are numerous causes for respiratory distress, with upper-airway obstruction being an important source of morbidity and mortality.3,4 This case will discuss the ...

Although malaria is endemic in India, congenital malaria is not very common. Congenital malaria is a very rare condition in both endemic and nonendemic areas. We report a case of congenital malaria in a six-day-old neonate with fever and splenomegaly. The diagnosis was picked up accidentally on a peripheral smear examination. Congenital malaria should be kept as differential diagnosis of neonat...

Pneumonia presenting at birth or occurring within first 48 hours of life is most commonly caused by E. coli, Streptococci, Klebsiella aerobacter or Enterococci(1). Congenital pneumonia produces intrauterine death in 16-20% of neonates(l). Early diagnosis and adequate treatment can reduce the mortality to a great extent. We report a case of congenital pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae wi...

One hundred seventy-two medical records of captive jaguars (Panthera onca) were examined from 30 American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) institutions housing jaguars between 1982–2002. The study determined common causes of morbidity and mortality, and the influence of age, gender, and melengestrol-acetate (MGA) exposure on these rates. The most common causes of morbidity in captive jaguars ...