objective: the passage of ionizing radiation in living cells creates clusters of damaged nucleotides in dna. in this study, dna strand breaks induced by the beta particle of iodine-131 (i-131), have been determined experimentally and compared to monte carlo simulation results as a theoretical method of determining131i damage. materials and methods: in this experimental study, in order to create...

background: for an effective treatment planning in brachytherapy, it is necessary to know the accurate source dosimetric information such as air kerma strength, exposure rate constant, dose rate constant and redial dose distribution. the usual method to determine these factors is thermo luminescent dosimeter (tld) dosimetry. nowadays, another more accurate method is known to be the monte carlo ...

The photoproduction of large-pT charged hadrons and of prompt photons is discussed, for the inclusive case and with an associated jet, using predictions from the NLO partonic Monte Carlo program EPHOX. Comparisons to recent HERA data are also shown.

Molecular simulation methods such as molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo are fundamental for the theoretical calculation of macroscopic and microscopic properties of chemical and biochemical systems. These methods often rely on heavy computations, and one sometimes feels the need to run them in powerful massively parallel machines. For moderate problem sizes, however, a not so powerful and less ...

introduction: radioiodine therapy is an effective method for treating thyroid cancer carcinoma, but it has some affects on normal tissues, hence dosimetry of vital organs are important to weigh the risks and benefits of this method. the aim of this study is to measure the absorbed doses of important organs by mcnp (monte carlo n particle) simulation and comparing the results of different method...

SUMMARY The program MRBAYES performs Bayesian inference of phylogeny using a variant of Markov chain Monte Carlo. AVAILABILITY MRBAYES, including the source code, documentation, sample data files, and an executable, is available at http://brahms.biology.rochester.edu/software.html.

Program synthesis aims to automatically generate an executable segment of code that satisfies a given set of criteria. Genetic programming has been widely studied for program synthesis. However, it has drawbacks such as code bloats and the difficulty in finer control over the growth of programs. This paper explores the possibility of applying Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) technique to general ...

We present a computer-assisted approach to approximating coarse optimal switching policies for systems described by microscopic/stochastic evolution rules. The “coarse timestepper” constitutes a bridge between the underlying kinetic Monte Carlo simulation and traditional, continuum numerical optimization techniques formulated in discrete time. The approach is illustrated through a simplified ki...

Efficient generation of scenarios is a central problem in evaluating the expected value of a random function in the stochastic optimization. We study the use of sparse grid scenario generation method for this purpose. We show that this method is uniformly convergent, hence, also epi-convergent. We numerically compare the performance of the sparse grid method with several Quasi Monte Carlo (QMC)...

Hierarchical design scenarios arise when the performance of large-scale, complex systems can be affected through the optimal design of several smaller functional units or subsystems. Monte Carlo simulation provides a useful technique to evaluate probabilistic uncertainty in customerspecified requirements, design variables, and environmental conditions while concurrently seeking to resolve confl...