Rectification of macroscopic current through inward-rectifier K+ (Kir) channels reflects strong voltage dependence of channel block by intracellular cations such as polyamines. The voltage dependence results primarily from the movement of K+ ions across the transmembrane electric field, which accompanies the binding-unbinding of a blocker. Residues D172, E224, and E299 in IRK1 are critical for ...

Self-healing was achieved with a dual-microcapsule epoxy-amine chemistry in thermoset epoxy. One capsule contained a modified aliphatic polyamine (EPIKURE 3274) while the second capsule contained a diluted epoxy monomer (EPON 815C). Amine microcapsules were prepared by vacuum infiltration of EPIKURE 3274 into hollow polymeric microcapsules. Epoxy microcapsules were prepared by an in situ polyme...

Efficient selective synthesis of the secondary amide surfactant N-methyl lauroylethanolamide from methyl laurate and N-methylethanol amine by carrier-fixed Chirazyme L-2 (Candida antarctica) using a kinetic strategy has been demonstrated. When different solvents were screened for product yields using Chirazyme L-2, acetonitrile was found to be optimal. The rate of the reaction increased sharply...

The functionalization of bentonite by intercalation of surfactants dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, and the octadecyltrimethylammonium cation is described. Products are characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, FT–IR spectra, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Laminar amine-clay nanocomposites contain about one mol amine per (Si,Al)4 clay unit, while the cationic s...

FeII- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent halogenases oxygenases can catalyze site-selective functionalization of C−H bonds via a variety C−X bond forming reactions, but achieving high chemoselectivity for using non-native functional groups remains rare. The current study shows that directed evolution be used to engineer variants the dioxygenase SadX address this challenge. Site-selective azidation s...