Soil moisture status in the root zone is an important component of the water cycle at all spatial scales (e.g., point, field, catchment, watershed, and region). In this study, the spatio-temporal evolution of root zone soil moisture of the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) in Arizona was investigated during the Soil Moisture Experiment 2004 (SMEX04). Root zone soil moisture was estimat...

in this paper, we use the concept of graph convergence of h(.,.)-co-accretive mapping introduced by [r. ahmad, m. akram, m. dilshad, graph convergence for the h(.,.)-co-accretive mapping with an application, bull. malays. math. sci. soc., doi: 10.1007/s40840-014-0103-z, 2014$] and define an over-relaxed proximal point method to obtain the solution of a generalized variational inclusion problem ...

The impacts of environmental moisture on the intensification of a tropical cyclone (TC) are investigated in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, with a focus on the azimuthal asymmetry of the moisture impacts relative to the storm path. A series of sensitivity experiments with varying moisture perturbations in the environment are conducted and the Marsupial Paradigm framework is em...

The soil surface layer is a critical boundary between land and atmosphere, and soil moisture is a critical condition affecting interaction of land surface and atmosphere. The root zone can be defined as the top 100 cm of the soil layer. Remotely sensed data can indirectly measure soil moisture, but the signal only penetrates the top few centimeters, so soil moisture at deeper layers must be est...

Issue: The moisture content of a fill material will affect its compaction characteristics and needs to be evaluated during quality control of the fill operation. When the fill is drier than its optimum moisture content, any moisture in the fill serves as a lubricant and helps the relative movement of the particles when densifying under vibratory compaction. When the fill is wetter than its opti...

Spatial and temporal soil moisture dynamics are critically needed to improve the parameterization for hydrological and meteorological modeling processes. This study evaluates the statistical spatial structure of large-scale observed and simulated estimates of soil moisture under pre- and post-precipitation event conditions. This large scale variability is a crucial in calibration and validation...

Soil moisture is a key variable for the water and energy exchanges at the land surface. The determination of soil moisture dynamics from space is one of the most prominent, but also most challenging applications for recent active microwave sensor systems. Since the launch of ENVISAT ASAR, more than 4 years of data is available for the retrieval of soil moisture information. The wide area covera...

In Part I of this paper, the timing and location of convective initiation along a dryline on 24 May 2002 were accurately predicted, using a large 1-km-resolution nested grid. A detailed analysis of the convective initiation processes, which involve the interaction of the dryline with horizontal convective rolls, is presented here. Horizontal convective rolls (HCRs) with aspect ratios (the ratio...

Monitoring soil moisture dynamics from local to global scales is essential for a wide range of applications. The field of remote sensing of soil moisture has expanded greatly and the first dedicated soil moisture satellite missions (SMOS, SMAP) were launched, and new missions, such as SENTINEL-1 provide long-term perspectives for land surface monitoring. This special issue aims to summarize the...