This paper describes the fundamental motivation and ideas surrounding current developments in available energy-based methods for vehicle design, which are a class of methods allowing direct estimation of the total cost chargeable to each loss mechanism in any general vehicle design (land, sea, air, or space). It is shown that losses can be expressed in terms of chargeable fuel weight. These are...

This article explores the prospects for transparency to be a transformative force in global biosafety governance. The global regime governing trade in genetically modified organisms (GMOs), the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, institutionalizes information disclosure as the central mechanism through which to govern safe transboundary transfers of GMOs. This paper analyses the scope and nature o...

zno and tio2 nanoparticles wereimpregnated with merbromin dye and used as modified photocatalysts for degradation of phenol. dye-modified zno and tio2 showed significantly higher photocatalytic activity than neat zno and tio2 under visible light illumination. moreover, the prepared dye-modified zno showed superior photocatalytic efficiency in degradation of phenol compared to the dye-modified t...

In the last few years the issue of energy-efficient network design has gained increasingly more importance [1], [2], both in academia and in industry. Information and communication technologies (ICT) represent about 2% of the entire world’s energy consumption, and the situation is likely to reach a point where ICT equipments in large cities will require more energy than is actually available [3...

How to make an accurate representation of protein-DNA interaction by an energy function is a long-standing unsolved problem in structural biology. Here, we modified a statistical potential based on the distance-scaled, finite ideal-gas reference state so that it is optimized for protein-DNA interactions. The changes include a volume-fraction correction to account for unmixable atom types in pro...

a new modified adomian decomposition method (adm) is utilized to obtain an analytical solution for buckling of the nanocantilever actuators immersed in liquid electrolytes. the nanoactuators in electrolytes are subject to different nonlinear forces including ionic concentration, van der waals, external voltage and electrochemical forces. the duan–rach modified adomian decomposition method is ut...

The energetics of hurricane Hilda (1964) are studied through the theory of available potential energy applied to a limited fixed region surrounding the storm. The generation of available potential energy is shown t o be closely dependent on differential heating within the baroclinic structure of the hurricane, occurring primarily in the middle and upper troposphcre of the core of the storm. The...

Some development stages of the trypanosomatid protozoan parasites are well adapted to in vitro culture. They can be maintained in rich medium containing large excess of glucose and amino acids, which they use as carbon sources for ATP production. Under these growth conditions, carbon sources are converted into partially oxidized end products by so-called aerobic fermentation. Surprisingly, some...

OBJECTIVE To describe benefits and adverse effects associated with the consumption of energy drinks. DATA SOURCES Searches were conducted using Medline, IPA (International Pharmaceutical Abstracts), EMBASE, and MANTIS; databases such as Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, Natural Standard, ALTMEDEX, and AltHealthWatch; and Google (range 1980 to September 2007). Search terms included ene...