This paper discusses the design of a real-time tracking system targeted for deployment in wireless sensor networks. The proposed system, utilizes accumulated range data from a number of anchor sensor nodes to infer the position and other kinematic variables of a mobile target. To track manoeuvring targets three dynamic models are used. A particle filter inspired algorithm operates on the range ...

This paper provides the implementation mechanism of the pmipv6-based partially distributed mobility management (DMM) and performs extensive simulations under various traffic environments for verification and evaluation of the proposed scheme. The simulation results indicated that Mobility Anchor and Access Router (MAAR) could distribute and manage all IP data packet flow between a corresponding...

Sequence-based schemes determine beacon sequence to help sensor node localization. Due to the ambiguity of RSS over distance, sequence-based scheme may have RSS-inconsistency problem, i.e., no location in the localization space could match the beacon sequence. Besides, determining the matched location is costly. In this paper, we introduce a RSS-inconsistency avoidance localization scheme, whic...

This paper proposes an efficient correspondent registration mechanism to reduce the signaling overhead for the Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6). In the proposed mechanism, the signaling overhead for the proxy home test via local mobility anchor (LMA) is eliminated in case of refreshments for the correspondent registration. Therefore, through the proposed mechanism, the burden of tunnels between mobil...

mobile commerce is whatever electronic transfer or transaction via a mobile modem through a mobile net in which the true value or advance payment is done for goods, services or information. a mobile payment system should be beneficial for all related persons. for a payment system to be a successful system, end-user, seller, exporter and operators should see a additional value in it. end-user pr...

In the analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) using item response theory (IRT), a common metric is necessary to compare item parameters between groups of test-takers. In the Rasch model, the same restriction is placed on the item parameters in each group in order to define a common metric. However, the question how the items in the restriction – termed anchor items – are selected appro...

Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) is a protocol that enhances Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) with faster handovers. Neither HMIPv6 nor MIPv6 provides ways to authenticate roaming mobile nodes, although visited networks will need to check if mobile nodes can be authorized access. A solution is required before MIPv6 can be commonly deployed. Mechanisms to integrate Mobile IPv4 and the Diameter protocol for ...

In future mobile networks, the ever-increasing loads imposed by mobile Internet traffic will force the network architecture to be changed from hierarchical to flat structure. Most of the existing mobility protocols are based on a centralized mobility anchor, which will process all control and data traffic. In the flat network architecture, however, the centralized mobility scheme has some limit...