Chondral and osteochondral fractures of the lower extremities are important injuries because they can cause pain and dysfunction and often lead to osteoarthritis. These injuries can be misdiagnosed initially which may impact on the healing potential and result in poor long-term outcome. This comprehensive review focuses on current pitfalls in diagnosing acute osteochondral lesions, potential in...

Clavicle fractures are rarely associated with more severe neurologic or vascular injuries. When these associated injuries are encountered, prompt recognition and treatment are paramount to optimize outcome. The majority of fractures that result in neurovascular compromise are from high-energy trauma; however, a high index of suspicion should be present in all cases as low-energy trauma can also...

Spinal cord injuries are amongst the most dangerous injuries, leading to high mortality and morbidity. Injured patients are occasionally faced with life-threatening complications and quality-of-life changing neurological deficits. Thoracic and cervical spinal segments are the most effected sites of injury and a wide range of complications including paraplegia, respiratory and cardiovascular com...

CT is the technique of choice for initial examination of hemodynamically stable patients after blunt abdominal trauma. It is highly sensitive, specific, and accurate for use in detecting the presence or absence of injury and defining its extent. Nonoperative management of many posttraumatic injuries, particularly in the liver, spleen, and kidney, is possible in part because of the diagnostic us...

Injuries in cervical spine X-ray images are often missed by emergency physicians. Many of these missing injuries cause further complications. Automated analysis of the images has the potential to reduce the chance of missing injuries. Towards this goal, this paper proposes an automatic localization of the spinal column in cervical spine X-ray images. The framework employs a random classificatio...

Associated injuries frequently occur in patients who sustain fractures of the pelvis. Specifically, high-energy trauma resulting in pelvic fractures places the bladder and urethra at risk for injury, often resulting in significant complications. Timely identification and management of genitourinary injuries minimize associated morbidity. Prompt injury identification depends upon a systematic ev...

Although dog bite injuries to the head and scalp of children occur frequently, penetrating dog bite wounds to the cranial vault occur only occasionally and may go unnoticed on initial examination. Substantial morbidity and mortality can ensue if these penetrating injuries are not detected and treated. The authors detail the evaluation of dog bites of the scalp in young children. They highlight ...

Fractures of trapezium are very rare accounting for about 0.4% of the hand’s injuries [1]. However, they should not be missed because inadequate treatment of trapezium fractures can lead to permanent impairment based on the substantial forces experienced at the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint in pinch and grip [2]. When present, often result of high energy trauma and occur in association with ot...

Hospitals and healthcare industries, which are required to perform patient care and non-patient related tasks, are complex organisations. They count on an extremely diverse group of professions, which are many of them physically demanding [1]. To a certain extent for this reason, hospital and healthcare workers are at particularly high risks for work-related injuries. The problem of work-relate...

The newer approach to management of penetrating neck injuries (PNI) involves the No Zone approach: comprehensive physical examination combined with CT angiography for triage to effectively identify or exclude vascular and aerodigestive injury. This approach, however, has a low negative exploration rate; there is risk of missing occult injuries especially Zone I and III PNI. We report a case of ...