nce solely a research tool, the laser is now an enabling technology for a wide range of applications in semiconductor manufacturing and inspection, industrial marking, materials processing, biomedical systems, reprographics, information display, and telecommunications. Given today’s accelerated product-development schedules, laser-based optical systems are being pushed to produce finer resoluti...

a practical application of the spherical involute surface to the forged straight bevel gears is provided and demonstrated in this work. conjugate (pure involute) theoretical surfaces are developed from the input design parameters. the surfaces are modified to suit the actual application (automotive differential). the unloaded (or low load) tooth contact analysis of modified surfaces is performe...

In this letter, we investigate the error rate performance of free-space optical (FSO) links over strong turbulence fading channels together with misalignment (pointing error) effects. First, we present a novel closed-form expression for the distribution of a stochastic FSO channel model which takes into account both atmospheric turbulence-induced fading and misalignment-induced fading. Then, we...

It is common knowledge that the alignment condition of rotating machinery affects the equipment's vibration levels and long term reliability, but there is little quantitative information relating the amount of misalignment to the degrading affects of misalignment. Many earlier publications state two reasons for performing precision alignments: 1. improved electrical efficiency and 2. reduced ma...

Flexible parts comparing with rigid parts can be deformed by contact force during assembly. For successfil assembly, information about their deformation as well as possible wisalignment between matingparts is essential. However, because of the nonlinear and complex relationship between parts deformation and reaction forces, it is dificult to acquire all required information from the reaction fo...

Unlike rigid parts, deformable parts can be deformed by contact force during assembly. For successful assembly, information about their deformation as well as possible misalignments between the holes and their respective mating parts are essential. In this paper, the locations of marks in threedimensional space are identified by using a visual sensing system. And part deformation and misalignme...

Asynchrony between the audio and video track in streaming video can cause user frustration with the service but often goes unreported. Providers of on-demand internet streaming media such as Netflix reach millions of users and thus are concerned with supplying correctly aligned audio/video content. Our project will attempt to detect A/V misalignment in standard (nonstreaming) movie clips. We ex...

A nonobtrusive technique for measuring misalignment errors in multistage free-space optical interconnects is proposed. The technique makes use of dedicated microoptics to relay higher order dedicated alignment beams generated by an optical power supply onto alignment detectors located on the periphery of a smart pixel chip. An implementation of this technique for measuring lateral (x–y) misalig...

We employ noncontact optical techniques to generate and measure stress waves in uncompressed, one-dimensional microscopic granular chains, and support our experiments with discrete numerical simulations. We show that the wave propagation through dry particles (150 μm radius) is highly nonlinear and it is significantly influenced by the presence of defects (e.g., surface roughness, interparticle...