approved: John P. Bolte The WET-Temp (Watershed Evaluation Tool Temperature) model is designed to take advantage of spatially explicit datasets to predict stream temperature distribution. Datasets describing vegetation cover, stream network locations, elevation and stream discharge are utilized by WET-Temp to quantify geometric relationships between the sun, stream channel and riparian areas. T...

BACKGROUND Evidence is mounting regarding the clinically significant effect of temperature on blood pressure. METHODS In this cross-sectional study the authors obtained minimum and maximum temperatures and their respective previous week variances at the geographic locations of the self-reported residences of 26,018 participants from a national cohort of blacks and whites, aged 45+. Linear reg...

The survival of the tropical crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus in earthen ponds under ambient winter temperatures was studied in the temperate zone in the central coastal plain of Israel. Four treatment groups in which sex and size were each tested at two levels were simultaneously run in Ž . four replicates over a period of 118 days 28 November 1996–26 March 1997 . Minimum and maximum water temp...

BACKGROUND The frequency and intensity of heat waves is projected to increase in many parts of the world, particularly in regions such as the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East (EMME), where the warming trends are much larger than the global average. The relationship between air temperature and premature mortality is widely recognized, however, it is not well defined in the aforementioned re...

in this study lemon juice were packaged at three type of packaging ( pet , pe and glass bottles ). the samples were stored ten weeks at 20 and 40 ◦c . physicochemical (ph, acidity, brix, vitamin c , so2 and formalin number ) and sensory properties of lemon juice were evaluated on every two weeks. the results showed that the two storage temperatures(20 and 40 ◦c ) had not any significant effect ...

In the mid-1950s, U. S. Air Force researcher Theodore E. Harris and retired U. S. Army general Frank S. Ross published a classified report studying the rail network that linked the Soviet Union to its satellite countries in Eastern Europe. The network was modeled as a graph with 44 vertices, representing geographic regions, and 105 edges, representing links between those regions in the rail net...

Rapid climate change may prompt species distribution shifts upward and poleward, but species movement in itself is not sufficient to establish climate causation. Other dynamics, such as disturbance history, may prompt species distribution shifts resembling those expected from rapid climate change. Links between species distributions, regional climate trends and physiological mechanism are neede...