A total of 246 perch Perca fluviatilis L. fry, 20 to 106 d old from 3 different reservoir subpopulations (epipelagic perch fry, EPF; bathypelagic perch fry, BPF; littoral perch fry, LPF), were examined for parasites. Six species of endoparasites were found: the nematode Camallanus lacustris was the most common, followed by the cestodes Proteocephalus percae, Bothriocephalus claviceps, Glanitaen...

A rapid diagnostic method for fry mortality syndrome is described. The method is based on immunofluorescence analysis of spleen imprints from diseased rainbow trout fry and utilizes rabbit antlserum prepared against Flexibacter psychrophilus. A low level of cross reactivity with Flexibacter columnans was observed but this can be avoided by absorbing the diagnostic antiserum with F columnans. Du...

An investigation was made to study the efficacy of dosage and time of administration in maternal vaccination. Mothers of nile tilapia were vaccinated by intraperitoneal injection with adjuvant-heat killed Streptococcus iniae at one and two weeks after spawning at the dosages of 0,2 ml/kg and 0,4 ml/kg body weight. Unvaccinated mothers were used as control. Agglutinating antibody titers in the b...

Complexities of geological processes portrayed as certain feature in a map (e.g., faults) are natural sources of uncertainties in decision-making for exploration of mineral deposits. Besides natural sources of uncertainties, knowledge-driven (e.g., fuzzy logic) mineral prospectivity mapping (MPM) is also plagued and incurs further uncertainty in subjective judgment of analyst when there is no r...

[1] Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for mineral characterization and for detection of water and organic and inorganic forms of carbon. The Mars microbeam Raman spectrometer (MMRS) is designed for close-up analysis of rocks and soils in planetary surface exploration. The MMRS consists of a probe (in a flight unit to be deployed by a robotic arm) and a spectrograph, laser source, and electr...

This is the first study analysing individual differences in shyness–boldness and behavioural asymmetries in young zebrafish larvae (fry, 7 days post-fertilisation). Individual differences were more stable in tests with predator model (crude image of a fish face) than with an arbitrary novel stimulus (vertical black stripe). Principal component analysis revealed a dimension of ‘shyness’ that inv...

The in vivo antiviral effect of 5-ethynyl-1-b-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-carboxamide (EICAR) was evaluated in coho salmon and rainbow trout fry, experimentally infected with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). Treatment consisted of a daily bath of 2 h in 0.4 mg ml or 0.8 mg ml of EICAR, for approximately 20 days. The behavior of the fish was studied for 45 days post-infection. The survi...

Energy functions, fragment libraries, and search methods constitute three key components of fragment-assembly methods for protein structure prediction, which are all crucial for their ability to generate high-accuracy predictions. All of these components are tightly coupled; efficient searching becomes more important as the quality of fragment libraries decreases. Given these relationships, the...