BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of migraine and other headaches is still unknown, and research is mostly done on neurotransmitter, biochemical and vascular mechanisms. The aim of this study was to examine the role of antioxidant enzymes in the pathophysiology of headache in the interictal period of the pain process. METHODS In this study, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismuta...

OnabotulinumtoxinA, a neurotoxin, has been studied in numerous trials as a novel preventive therapy for migraine headache. The data would support that it may be effective at reducing headache days in patients suffering from chronic migraine (≥15 headache days/month, with eight or more of those migraine headache days). The mechanism by which onabotulinumtoxinA exerts its effects on migraine is n...

PURPOSE Studies of the visual evoked potentials (VEP) in migraine have yielded contradictory results. Several investigators suggested that VEP may be helpful test in diagnosis of a child with headache. The aim of our study was to compare interictal pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (PR-VEP) in children and adolescents with migraine and tension-type headaches and to evaluate VEP paramete...

Each year approximately 3% of people with episodic migraine experience “chronification” of their headache disorder. “Chronic” migraine implies that the migraineur who previously was suffering relatively infrequent headache attacks now is plagued with headache at least 15 days out of the month, with at least 8 (but not necessarily all) of their headaches being migrainous in character. Chronic mi...

how to cite this article: tonekaboni sh, ghazavi a, fayyazi a, khajeh a, taghdiri mm, abdollah gorji f, azargashb e. prophylaxis of childhood migraine: topiramate versus propranolol. iran j child neurol. 2013 winter; 7 (1):9-14.   objective headache is a common disabling neurological disorder and migraine comprises more than half the causes of recurrent headaches in children. despite extended p...

migraine may occur during pregnancy1,2,3 either as a recurrent symptom of a previous condition or as a new onset manifestation. Secondary headache that mimics migraine may occur in the gestational period.2,3 This type of headache may be caused by vasculitis, cerebral tumor, choriocarcinoma, pituitary tumor, arteriovenous malformation, sinus disorders, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, subar...

In a retrospective analysis of paediatric referrals to a Neurology Outpatient Clinic, the largest single category of 47 patients (32%) presented with acute recurrent headache. There were 30 girls and 17 boys. Age of onset ranged from 4 to 11 years (8.35 +/- 1.98) and duration of headache from half month to 42 months (19.2 +/- 11.9). Only 6 children were unable to describe the quality of their p...

Migraine is a common neurovascular disorder characterized by chronic episodic attacks of moderate to severe primary headache involving activation of trigeminal neurons. Despite its prevalence, the pathogenesis of migraine is not clearly understood. The pulsating nature of the headache suggests the involvement of the cranial vasculature in headache pathogenesis. However, current hypotheses empha...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of incident transformed migraine on health care resource utilization, medication use, and productivity loss. In addition, the study estimates the total direct and indirect costs associated with transformed migraine. BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates that migraine may be a chronic progressive disorder characterized by escalating frequency of headache attac...

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to survey the headache diagnoses and consequences among outpatients attending neurological services in 8 Asian countries. METHODS This survey recruited patients who consulted neurologists for the first time with the chief complaint of headache. Patients suffering from headaches for 15 or more days per month were excluded. Patients answered a self-administered quest...