It has been reported that Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the roles of ANXA2 in the migration and invasion of HCC cells have not been determined. In this study, we found that ANXA2-specific siRNA (si-ANXA2) significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of HCC cells co-cultured with fibroblasts in vitro. In addition, the production of MMP-2 by fibro...

cell gene expression, protein production, and engraftment into lung by lung-derived microvesicles: a novel mechanism for phenotype modulation. Stem Cells 2007; 25: 2245–2256 18. Ratajczak MZ, Lee H, Wysoczynski M et al. Novel insight into stem cell mobilization-plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate is a major chemoattractant that directs the egress of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells from the bone ...

To gain insight into the hierarchical self-assembly of peptides and the surface effect on assembly formation, an aromatic peptide of diphenylalanine (FF) was used in this study as the model peptide. We found that the diphenylalanine peptide could self-assemble into a core-branched nanostructure through non-covalent interactions in aqueous solution. The pre-assemblies further assembled into nano...

Early endosomes in PC12 cells are an important site for the formation of synaptic-like microvesicles and constitutive recycling vesicles. By immunogold electron microscopy, the small GTPase rab4 was localized to early endosomes and numerous small vesicles in the cell periphery and Golgi area of PC12 cells. Overexpression of GTPase-deficient Q67Lrab4 increased the number of early endosome-associ...

A second population of cytoplasmic microvesicles was constantly recognized in the SGC (small granule chromaffin) cells of the mouse adrenyl medulla by means of transmission electron microscopy in glutaldehyde/osmium tetroxide-fixed material. The microvesicles were rendered in shape and of mean profile diameter of between 30, 40 nm: some contained several dense precipitates. The vesicles were us...

NTA utilizes the properties of both light scattering and Brownian motion in order to obtain the particle size distribution of samples in liquid suspension. A laser beam is passed through the sample chamber, and the particles in suspension in the path of this beam scatter light in such a manner that they can easily be visualized via a 20x magnification microscope onto which is mounted a camera. ...

A novel form of cell-to-cell communication involving the formation and shedding of large vesicular structures, called microvesicles (MVs), from the surfaces of highly aggressive forms of human cancer cells has been attracting increasing amounts of attention. This is in large part due to the fact that MVs contain a variety of cargo that is not typically thought to be released from cells includin...