Recent progress in environmental microbiology has revealed vast populations of microbes in any given habitat that cannot be detected by conventional culturing strategies. The use of sensitive genetic detection methods such as CARD-FISH and in situ PCR have been limited by the cell wall permeabilization requirement that cannot be performed similarly on all cell types without lysing some and leav...

I. Ahmad et al. (eds.), Microbes and Microbial Technology: Agricultural and Environmental Applications, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7931-5_2, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 Abstract Culture-based methods are important in investigating the microbial ecology of natural and anthropogenically impacted environments, but they are extremely biased in their evaluation of microbial genetic diver...

To mimic the striking capability of microbial culture for growth adaptation after the onset of the novel environmental conditions, a heterogeneous microbial population model in the chemostat with essential resources is proposed which considers adaptation by spontaneously phenotypeswitching between normally growing cells and persister cells having reduced growth rate. A basic reproductive number...

We introduce a new dominance concept consisting of three new dominance metrics based on Lloyd’s (1967) mean crowding index. The new metrics link communities and species, whereas existing ones are applicable only to communities. Our community-level metric is a function of Simpson’s diversity index. For species, our metric quantifies the difference between community dominance and the dominance of...

nowadays, application of unconventional water such as wastewater is one of the strategies for preventing water deficit. this study was conducted to evaluate effect(s) of treated wastewater application on microbial and chemical contamination of soil and wheat (chamran v.). five treatments included t1 (irrigation with 100% fresh water), t2 (75% fresh water + 25% wastewater), t3 (50% fresh water +...

Effect of Grain Type and Phytase Enzyme on Growth Performance, Cecum Microbial Population, Carcass Bone Characteristics Broiler Chickens

The microbial ecology of any biodegradation system is the fundamental factor that controls both the effectiveness of the ongoing biodegradation process and also the ability of the biodegrading population to maintain stability at times of environmental stress. Studies are reported here which provide both initial information on the ecology of an oil degrading porous pavement system (PPS) and sign...

RECONCILING MICROBIAL SYSTEMATICS & GENOMICS Microorganisms are fantastically diverse, both genetically and phenotypically. The amount and depth of genetic diversity represented among the named microbial species is greater than that represented among the animals and plants combined. If the distinctions and testing in use today could be applied to all microorganisms (even those that cannot be gr...

The fate of fuel releases largely depends on the poorly-understood response in microbial community structure and function. Here, we evaluate the impacts to the microbial community resulting from a pilot-scale continuous release (10 months) of a 10% v:v ethanol solution mixed with benzene and toluene (50 mg/L each). Microbial population shifts were characterized by pyrosequencing-based 16S rRNA ...