We demonstrate that despite lacking a 3'----5' proofreading exonuclease, the Thermus aquaticus (Taq) DNA polymerase can catalyze highly accurate DNA synthesis in vitro. Under defined reaction conditions, the error rate per nucleotide polymerized at 70 degrees C can be as low as 10(-5) for base substitution errors and 10(-6) for frameshift errors. The frequency of mutations produced during a sin...

Effect of salts (Na2SO4, Na2CO3, MgSO4, NaCl, MgCl2), soil extract and polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) on the germination of Chenopodium glaucum L., seed was studied. Maximum germination was obtained in distilled water. Germination decreased with increase in salinity. The inhibition of germination by salt solutions was in the order of MgCl2 > Na2SO4 > Na2CO3 > NaCl > Soil extract > MgSO4. Germin...

The aim of this work was to use preparations from germinating seeds of Pisum sativum to determine the apparent equilibrium constant of the reaction catalysed by sucrose-phosphate synthase (EC 2.4.1.14) and to compare this with the mass-action ratio of the reaction in the seeds. The apparent equilibrium constant ranged from 5.3 at 0.25 mM-MgCl2, pH 7.0, to 62 at 10 mM-MgCl2, pH 7.5. The sucrose ...

High translocation speed of a DNA strand through a nanopore is a major bottleneck for nanopore detection of DNA molecules. Here, we choose MgCl2 electrolyte as salt solution to control DNA mobility. Experimental results demonstrate that the duration time for straight state translocation events in 1 M MgCl2 solution is about 1.3 ms which is about three times longer than that for the same DNA in ...

In this study, a pristine biochar (BC) and MgCl2-modified (MBC) were prepared using Pennisetum sp. straw for removing Cd2+ from aqueous solutions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoelectron (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), as well the surface area porosity analyses used to reveal physico-chemical characteristics of...