Fotemustine is a clinically used DNA-alkylating 2-chloro-ethyl-substituted N-nitrosourea, which sometimes shows signs of haematotoxicity and reversible liver and renal toxicity as toxic side-effects. Mechanistic data on these side-effects are scarce and incomplete. In this study, firstly the cytotoxicity of fotemustine in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes was investigated and secondly the metabo...

F or years, the Halliburton Company followed local standards in its management of Brazil's state-owned oil company in Catu. This meant discharging stormwater runoff and wastewater effluents directly into the Catu River, untreated. Then, in 1994, the Dallas, Texas-based energy and engineering company initiated new company-wide environmental standards. In Catu, that meant an effort to reduce the ...

Reviewing the reaction of potassium cyanate, an antisickling agent, with alpha-amino groups of hemoglobin, it was found that the reaction was a slow process and requires a large excess of the reagent. The reason for the slow reaction rate of carbamylation of hemoglobin by cyanate is that cyanate itself does not react with hemoglobin. It is rather isocyanic acid, the reactive species, that react...

Polyurethane foams are widely used materials and control of their physical properties is a significant challenge. Management of cyclo-trimerisation during the polymerisation process is vital when tailoring the mechanical properties of the foam. Proazaphosphatranes are known to efficiently catalyse the cyclo-trimerisation of organic isocyanates, giving high purity isocyanurate with little uretdi...

Versatile functionalization of metal clusters is a key step in understanding the reactivity of protective monolayers. We here demonstrate that reaction of the outermost amino groups on (S)-/(R)-penicillamine-protected gold clusters with ethyl isocyanate readily modifies the chiral surface structure through carbamoylation. Interestingly, the clusters are electrophoretically separated by the size...