Layered V2O5 hydrate has been applied as the hole transport layer (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs). V2O5 is obtained from a sodiummetavanadate solution in water under ambient conditions, resulting in a final thin film of formula V2O5$0.5H2O. The 0.5 water molecules are not removed from the V2O5 layered structure unless the sample is heated above 250 C, which makes the thin film highly stable...

Article history: Received 26 June 2016 Accepted 6 July 2016 Available online xxxx Degradation mechanism of foldable thin film transistors (TFTs) is investigated experimentally by electrical, mechanical and electrical–mechanical hybrid stress experiments. Mechanical and electrical stress environment was set for foldable TFTs and the degradation effect according to the applied stress is investiga...

If a tangle, K ⊂ B, has no planar, meridional, essential surfaces in its exterior then thin position for K has no thin levels.

−75− Synthesiology English edition Vol.6 No.2 pp.75-83 (Sep. 2013) Then, in 1993, “single-wall CNTs” were discovered. In CNT research, the theoretical calculations were done actively due to their relatively simple molecular structure. From the calculations, it was predicted that, despite being a substance consisting solely of carbon atoms, CNTs would have extremely excellent properties such as ...

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The AD688 is a high precision ±10 V tracking reference. Low tracking error, low initial error and low temperature drift give the AD688 reference absolute ±10 V accuracy performance previously unavailable in monolithic form. The AD688 uses a proprietary ion-implanted buried Zener diode, and laser-waferdrift-trimming of high stability thin-film resistors to provide outstanding...

A desired reflectance profile versus frequency (wavenumber) can be directly Fourier transformed into the index of refraction profile as a function of thickness which would produce the desired spectral reflectance profile. This tool has existed for some years now but does not seem to be in common use. This paper lays out some of the principles to aid in making the process more understandable, in...

The focus of this thesis is to analyze cost trends and government incentives in the California PV market during 2007-2008. The data show that pre-rebate system costs increased in California during this time period and that this was driven by a surge in worldwide module cost. Systems employing thin film technology did not exhibit a downward impact on cost, which contradicts historical and techno...

Fatigue compromises the reliability of macroscopic metallic components utilized in a variety of technological applications. However, the fatigue behavior of thin metal films and smallscale components used in microelectronics and mechanical microdevices has yet to be explored in detail. The fatigue behavior in (sub)micron thin films is likely to differ from that in bulk material, since the volum...

We analyse the reflection of a TM electromagnetic field first on a flat dielectric film and second on a Veselago film with negative refractive index, both films being deposited on a metallic substrat acting as a mirror. An incident harmonic plane wave generates inside a conventional dielectric film a refracted propagating wave and an evanescent wave that does not contribute to reflection on the...