Mathematical models of biochemical reaction networks are usually high dimensional, nonlinear, and have many unknown parameters, such as reaction rate constants, or unspecified types of chemical kinetics (such as mass-action, Michaelis-Menten, or Hill kinetics). On the other hand, important properties of these dynamical systems are often determined by the network structure, and do not depend on ...

A novel enzyme-responsive hydrogel drug delivery system was developed with the potential to treat inflammation locally. Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) is a serine protease secreted by neutrophils which are the first cells recruited to inflammatory sites. We exploited this cell-secreted enzyme as a biological cue for controlled release. HNE sensitive peptide linkers were immobilized within poly...

Background: Acid phosphatase (ACP) is suggested to be one of the virulence factors in leishmania and a correlation has been reported between Leishmanial acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and the severity of the disease in all types of leishmaniasis including zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), which is a polymorphic disease. Objective: Characterization of leishmania and its correlation with t...

The presence of organophosphate pesticides could inhibit the activity alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), which use as fundamental for biosensor applications. k-carrageenan was used immobilization ANAE extracted from wheat-based sources. free and immobilized assessed optimum at a range temperature pH. Enzyme kinetic studies were performed using Michaelis-Menten parameters Lineweaver-Burk, L...

The concept of nitrogen (N) saturation has organized the assessment of N loading in terrestrial ecosystems. Here we extend the concept to lotic ecosystems by coupling Michaelis-Menten kinetics and nutrient spiraling. We propose a series of saturation response types, which may be used to characterize the proximity of streams to N saturation. We conducted a series of short-term N releases using a...

The kinetics of purified beef heart mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase have been extensively investigated with a semiautomated system and the computer program TANKIN and shown to be sigmoidal with both acyl-CoA and L-carnitine. In contrast, Michaelis-Menten kinetics were found with carnitine octanoyltransferase. The catalytic activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase is strongly pH d...

We study chemical reactions with complex mechanisms under two assumptions: (i) intermediates are present in small amounts (this is the quasi-steady-state hypothesis or QSS) and (ii) they are in equilibrium relations with substrates (this is the quasiequilibrium hypothesis or QE). Under these assumptions, we prove the generalized mass action law together with the basic relations between kinetic ...

Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential source of renewable, low-carbon-footprint liquid fuels. Biomass recalcitrance and enzyme cost are key challenges associated with the large-scale production of cellulosic fuel. Kinetic modeling of enzymatic cellulose digestion has been complicated by the heterogeneous nature of the substrate and by the fact that a true steady state cannot be attained. We pr...