Hysterectomy, removal of the uterus, has traditionally been regarded as the definitive surgical treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding. And is one of the most commonly performed operations in the UK. (Marjoribanks, 2006) Whilst menstrual disorders are the most frequent reasons for performing hysterectomy other common indications include chronic pelvic pain, fibroids, malignancy of the uterus, c...

BACKGROUND Population studies on normal and dysfunctional characteristics of menstrual cycles are scarce in Ethiopia. In addition variability in menarcheal age and menstrual characteristics are common. Knowledge on this variability is necessary for patient education and to guide clinical evaluation. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in two small towns called Dabat and Kola Diba, n...

EDITOR,-Diana Kuh and Susan Stirling report significant educational gradients for risk of admission for diseases of the female genital system and breast, and in particular for menstrual disorders: 1% of highly educated women were admitted to hospital for menstrual problems compared with 19% of those with minimal qualifications. 1 Social gradients were also observed for hysterectomies and dilata...

We compared daily urinary concentrations of oestrogen and progesterone metabolites in paired menstrual cycles (conception and non-conception) from 32 women. Volunteers with no known fertility problems were enrolled in the study at the time they began trying to become pregnant. They collected first-morning urine specimens and kept daily records of menstrual bleeding and sexual intercourse for 6 ...

BACKGROUND Menarche delay has been reported in adolescent females with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), perhaps due to poor glycemic control. We sought to compare age at menarche between adolescent females with T1DM and national data, and to identify factors associated with delayed menarche and menstrual irregularity in T1DM. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study and females ages 12- 24 years (n = ...

Dysmenorrhea is the most common of gynecologic complaints. It affects half of all female adolescents today and represents the leading cause of periodic college/school absenteeism among that population. To evaluate the menstrual problem specially dysmenorrhea and its severity in female medical students and its effect on their regular activities. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study; condu...

One hundred and ten female patients in the age group of 16 to 65 years, attending gynecology out-patient clinic were screened for psychiatric disorders. The psychiatric morbidity among patients attending gynecology clinic was found to be 49 percent, as compared to 26 percent in a sample of general population (control group). This study supports the view, that there is a higher psychiatric morbi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate a new levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) called Levosert(®) for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in comparison to the reference product Mirena(®). METHODS A multicentre, randomised, controlled trial, in non-menopausal women diagnosed with functional HMB (defined as menstrual blood loss [MBL] ≥ 80 mL) randomised to either Levosert(®) or ...

OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) on skeletal health, soft tissue injury, and performance in female athletes. METHODS A literature review was performed using literature retrieval methods to locate relevant studies. RESULTS Most female athletes primarily choose to use the OCP for contraceptive purposes, but cycle manipulation and control of premenstrual...