Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women. This syndrome is a metabolic disorder causing a series of acute problems threatening health. Regarding the wide range of adolescent population on the state population pyramid as well as the high prevalence of this syndrome, the present study was conducted to investigate the menstrual period charac...

the Epidemiology of normal pregnancies with unknown last menstrual period (LMP) was studied in 1192 singleton  pregnancies.the LMP was unknown in 240(20.3%) pregnancies.unknown LMP is associated with high rates of low birth weight and all low socio-economic and socio-demographic status.such characteristics are also associated with a high rate of preterm deliveries.any possible bias introduced i...

BACKGROUND Alteration in menstrual cycle function is suggested among rhesus monkeys and humans exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) and structurally similar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The feedback system for menstrual cycle function potentially allows multiple pathways for disruption directly through the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and indirectly through alternative neuroen...

BACKGROUND Tubal ligation (TL) is recommended for women who have completed their family planning. The existence of the menstrual disorders following this procedure has been the subject of debate for decades. This study was conducted to identify the relationship between tubal ligation and menstrual disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS A historical cohort study was carried out on 140 women undergoi...

leptin, a circulating 16-kd polypeptide consisting of 167 amino acids, appears to be involved in the body weight homeostasis. moreover leptin plays an important role for the reproductive system, early embryogenesis, and fat metabolism during pregnancy and puberty. significant correlations have been found between leptin and sexual hormones, which is a cytokine and has hormonal properties. the ai...

The authors examined the association between age at menarche, menstrual cycle characteristics between ages 28 and 32 years, and peri- and postmenopausal fracture risk in a cohort of 874 women who prospectively recorded menstrual cycle data for at least 5 years from their early 20s through their menopause. Fracture history was obtained with a self-administered questionnaire. The mean age of resp...

INTRODUCTION Endometriosis is defined as overgrowth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Endometriosis may be asymptomatic or associated with dysmenorrheal symptoms, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors related to endometriosis among infertile Iranian women. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this case con...