background: considering the toxic effects of heavy metals and microbial pathogens in industrial wastewaters, it is necessary to treat metal and microbial contaminated wastewater prior to disposal in the environment. the purpose of this study is to assess the removal of heavy metals pollution and microbial contamination from a mixture of municipal and industrial wastewater using membrane bioreac...

“Ignition/extinction” phenomena and steady-state multiplicity were discovered in an autohumidi$cation polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. At steady state, the water produced by the fuel cell reaction is balanced by water removal by the 7owing reactant gas streams. Ignition, corresponding to a high fuel cell current, arises from positive feedback between the water produced by the reaction an...

background: leachatecontaining high levels of organic pollution with ammonia, halogenatedhydrocarbons, heavy metals and inorganic salts. among the various methods fortreating leachate, has been developed membrane processes so that a morebiological process of membrane processes is used for separation of solid -liquid. the aimof this study was to evaluate the efficiency of membrane bioreactor eff...

The membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) a novel bioreactor that provides gaseous substrates directly to a biofilm growing on the membrane surface, avoiding the need for sparging. MBfRs are not membrane bioreactors (MBRs), where membranes separate suspended solids from the effluent water, substituting for a clarifier. In MBfRs, a gaseous substrate moves across the membrane. Since the MBfR membranes ...

Two fluidized bed membrane reactor concepts for hydrogen production via autothermal reforming of methane with integrated CO2 capture are proposed. Ultrapure hydrogen is obtained via hydrogen perm-selective Pd-based membranes, while the required reaction energy is supplied by oxidizing part of the CH4 in situ in the methane combustion configuration or by combusting part of the permeated H2 in th...

Enzyme catalysis in two-phase systems, particularly in the functionalization of siloxanes, is a new challenge for biocatalysis. On the basis of three different reaction systems, stirred tank reactor, enzyme membrane reactor and micro mixer, the influence of the phase boundary layer along the interface between an aqueous system and an organosiloxane on the synthesis of hydroxyalkylfunctionalized...

A microporous polypropylene (PP) hollow fiber membrane contactor was used as a reactor to biodegrade phenol in high-salinity solutions by Pseudomonas putida CCRC14365 at 30C. Suspended cells grew only at a NaCl concentration below 2.5 wt%. On the other hand, cells within hollow fibers completely degraded 0.5 g/L of phenol in solution containing NaCl up to 8.6 wt%, likely due to the fact that th...

Limited information is currently available on the contribution of eukaryotes to the reactor performance of membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Using high-throughput Illumina sequencing of 18S rRNA genes and microscopic observations, we investigated eukaryotic microbiomes in membrane-attached biofilms in MBRs treating piggery wastewater. Protozoa preying on bacteria were frequently detected under stabl...

Based on the home-made cation-exchange membrane (CEM) and bipolar membrane (BPM), electrodialysis with bipolar membrane (EDBPM) and electro-membrane reactor with three compartments (EMR-3) were developed to achieve in situ ion substitution and recovery of gluconic acid (GLH) from its sodium salt. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of CEM and BPM were studied to assess their...

We present a simulation tool to study fluid mixtures that are simultaneously chemically reacting and adsorbing in a porous material. The method is a combination of the reaction ensemble Monte Carlo method and the dual control volume grand canonical molecular dynamics technique. The method, termed the dual control cell reaction ensemble molecular dynamics method, allows for the calculation of bo...