Iopamidol, a nonionic, water-soluble contrast medium, has been recently recommended for myelography. As with other such media, the extent of parenchymal penetration is of interest in relation to the genesis of clinical complications. In this study the degree and depth of brain penetration of intrathecal iopamidol, using an iodine concentration of 280 mg l/ml, were compared at 15 and 60 min in a...

Leishmania mexicana is a protozoan parasite that causes a disease in humans with frequent relapses after treatment. It is also highly resistant to the currently available drugs. For this reason, there is an urgent need for more effective antileishmanial drugs. Hydroxyurea, an anticancer drug, is toxic to replicating eukaryotic cells and has been proven to be effective in arresting the Leishmani...

Over 3,000 yearly cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) are reported in Brazil. Brazilian Public Health System provides universal free access to antileishmania therapeutic options: Meglumine Antimoniate, Amphotericin B deoxycholate, and Liposomal Amphotericin B. Even though Amphotericin formulations have been advised for severe disease, this recommendation is mostly based on the opinion of exper...

introduction: myelograghy is a process of instilling contrast medium to the subarachnoid space for evaluating the spinal column by radiography. there are various contrast solutions for different radiographic studies but not all of them are suitable for spinal column evaluation. conclusions: our subject recovered completely without any sequelae after receiving appropriate treatment in a multidis...

To explore possible pathways for anions to enter the xylem in the root during the transport of salts to the shoot, we used the patch-clamp method on protoplasts prepared from the xylem parenchyma of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants. K(+) currents were suppressed by tetraethylammonium or N-methylglucamine in the solutions in the pipette and the bath, and the permeating anions were Cl(-) or NO(...

Sir, Follicular mucinosis (FM) is a non-speci¢c histological reaction pattern characterized by mucinous degeneration of the outer sheath of follicles and sebaceous glands, accompanied by a variable in£ammatory cell in¢ltrate (1). The clinical expression is extremely variable. It may occur as a primary disorder or associated with benign or malignant diseases (2 ^ 4). We describe a patient who de...

Fluorescent and colorimetric reporter genes are valuable tools for drug screening models, since microscopy is labor intensive and subject to observer variation. In this work, we propose a fluorimetric method for drug screening using red fluorescent parasites. Fluorescent Leishmania amazonensis were developed after transfection with integration plasmids containing either red (RFP) or green fluor...

Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical charactristics and laboratory findings of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in children. Design: It is a retrospective study, hospital records of all children with diagnosis of VL were reviewed from 1991 through 2003. Setting: Hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jondi-Shapour University of Medical Sciences in the southwestern part of Iran. Subjects: Two hun...

BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection that may lead to a variety of manifestations. In Iran, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has a high prevalence. There are many treatment modalities for CL. The use of oral terbinafine in the treatment of CL has recently been considered. The aim of this study was to compare combination of oral terbinafine plus cryotherapy versus systemic meglumine ant...

Background. Topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis is an attractive alternative avoiding toxicities of parenteral therapy while being administered through a simple painless route. Recently liposomal formulations of amphotericin B have been increasingly used in the treatment of several types of leishmaniasis. Aims. The efficacy of a topical liposomal amphotericin B formulation was compared...