Research suggests that prenatal testosterone exposure may masculinize (i.e., lower) disordered eating (DE) attitudes and behaviors and influence the lower prevalence of eating disorders in males versus females. How or when these effects become prominent remains unknown, although puberty may be a critical developmental period. In animals, the masculinizing effects of early testosterone exposure ...

The presence of comorbidity becomes increasingly important for its prognostic effect on survival in breast cancer patients with advancing age. This study aimed to evaluate the role of comorbidities including hypertension as a mediator of disparity in survival after metastasis diagnosis between younger (≤51 years) and older (>51 years) patients. A total of 553 patients 26-88 years of age with br...

Research findings suggest that the family context and communication patterns have high correlation with adolescent’s mental health indicators such as anxiety. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the mediator role of coping strategies in relation between family communication patterns and students social anxiety. 140 students of Shiraz guidance schools were studied they completed th...

BACKGROUND Examining the role of modifiable barriers and facilitators is a necessary step toward developing effective implementation strategies. This study examines whether both general (organizational culture, organizational climate, and transformational leadership) and strategic (implementation climate and implementation leadership) organizational-level factors predict therapist-level determi...

Randomized trials are used to assess the effectiveness of one or more treatments in inducing outcomes of interest. Treatments are typically designed to target key mediating variables that are thought to be causally related to the outcome. Thus, researchers want to know not only if the treatment is effective, but how the mediators affect the outcome. Data from such studies are often analyzed usi...

objectives: from the psychological point of view, coping strategies and attitudes have considerable effects on people’s tendency towards risky behavior, including opioid substance abuse. dysfunctional attitudes are attitudes and beliefs that predispose the individual toward depression and psychological disorder, generally speaking. usually, people use three types of coping strategies when confr...

A model is constructed, using Eurobarometer data, of the propensity of individuals to favour European integration. A key role is played by economic considerations: countries in which income per capita is relatively low contain individuals that are more positive in their attitudes to Europe; growth is associated with more positive attitudes; economic fluctuations, above a threshold, are associat...

This study systematically tested whether the use of specific technologies or media (including certain types of Facebook use), technology-related anxieties, and technology-related attitudes (including multitasking preference) would predict clinical symptoms of six personality disorders (schizoid, narcissistic, antisocial, compulsive, paranoid and histrionic) and three mood disorders (major depre...

Packaging design is one of the most important visual representations low-fat foods and a key factor in perception health product. The complexity packaging induces automatic processing relevant concepts by consumers, which affects their attitudes; however, this process not well understood. We developed sequential mediation model based on theories conceptual fluency metaphor to examine impact con...

BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders are a major burden on individuals, health systems and social care systems and rehabilitation efforts in these disorders are considerable. Self-care is often considered a cost effective treatment alternative owing to limited health care resources. But what are the expectations and attitudes in this question in the general population? The purpose of this study...