OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of an outdoor smokefree law in parks and on beaches on observed smoking in selected venues. METHODS The study involved repeated observations in selected parks and beaches in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The main outcome measure was changes in observed smoking rates in selected venues from prelaw to 12 months postlaw. RESULTS No venue was 100% smokefre...

INTRODUCTION The transition for being a medical student to a full functioning intern is accompanied by considerable stress and sense of unpreparedness. Simulation based workshops were previously reported to be effective in improving the readiness of interns and residents to their daily needed skills but only few programs were implemented on a large scale. METHODS A nationally endorsed and man...

Three studies were undertaken to develop the Positive-Negative Relationship Quality scale (PN-RQ), conceptualizing relationship quality as a bidimensional construct in which the positive qualities of a relationship are treated as distinct from its negative qualities. Analyses in emerging adults (Study 1: N = 1,814), in online respondents (Study 2: N = 787) with a 2-week follow-up, and in a sing...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that obesity is associated with impaired cognitive outcomes in the pre-school years. METHODS Associations were examined between weight status at age 3-5 years and cognitive performance at age 5 years. Cognitive outcome measures were tests of pattern construction (visuospatial skills), naming vocabulary (expressive language skills), and picture similarity (reas...

CONTEXT Postural stability diminishes with longer activity, which may increase the risk of injury. Tape can increase stability, but this effect diminishes after exercise. OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of ankle taping on postural stability during soccer-specific activity. PARTICIPANTS 10 male, injury-free, semiprofessional soccer players. INTERVENTION A 45-min treadmill protocol r...

BACKGROUND Among coracoclavicular (CC) fixation techniques, the use of flip button device was demonstrated to have successful outcomes with the advantage of being able to accommodate an arthroscopic procedure. PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate the factors associated with loss of fixation after arthroscopically assisted CC fixation using a single flip button device for acromiocla...

BACKGROUND Reablement is a time-limited intervention that aims to support people to regain independence and enable them to resume their daily activities after they return home from an in-patient care setting, or to maintain independence to enable them to remain at home. There is some evidence that reablement can enhance independence and has the potential to contain costs. However, reablement se...