Let k k be any field and let alttext="upper G"> G encoding="application/x-tex">G a connected reductive alge...

In the past decades, the inappropriate subsidy policies in many nations have caused problems such as serious oversupply, fierce competition and subpar social welfare in the photovoltaic (PV) industry in many nations. There is a clear shortage in the PV industry literature regarding how dual supply chains compete and the key decision issues regarding the competition between dual PV supply chains...

Performance evaluation of complex systems is a critical issue and bounds computation provides confidence about service quality, reliability, etc. of such systems. The stochastic ordering theory has generated a lot of works on bounds computation. Maximal lower and minimal upper bounds of a Markov chain by a st-monotone one exist and can be efficiently computed. In the present work, we extend sim...

We previously demonstrated that diaphragm muscle weakness is present in experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH). However, the nature of this diaphragm weakness is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether changes at the sarcomeric level contribute to diaphragm weakness in PH. For this purpose, in control rats and rats with monocrotaline-induced PH, con...

Let C(G) be the closed-set lattice of a graph G, and let l(f) denote the length of a chain r in C( G). The spectrum of £( G) is defined as the set S(£(G)) = {/(r) I r is a maximal chain in £(G)}. For every nontrivial graph G,S(£(G)) is a finite set of natural numbers greater than one. We prove in this paper that (*) for any finite set A of natural numbers greater than one, there exists a graph ...

The five simple exceptional complex Lie superalgebras of vector fields are described. One of them, kas, is new; the other four are explicitly described for the first time. All nonisomorphic maximal subalgebras of finite codimension of these Lie superalgebras, i.e., all other realizations of these Lie superalgebras as Lie superalgebras of vector fields, are also described; there are 14 of them a...

In this paper we prove that for a type II1 factor N with a Cartan maximal abelian subalgebra (masa), the Hochschild cohomology groups Hn(N, N)=0, for all n ≥ 1. This generalizes the result of Sinclair and Smith, who proved this for all N having separable predual.

We show that in the one-dimensional case the weighted Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator Mμ is bounded on BMO(μ) for arbitrary Radon measure μ, and that this is not the case in higher dimensions.

In this paper we consider Q the class of solvable Lie algebras L with the following property: if A is a subalgebra of L, then Φ(A) ⊆ Φ(L) (where Φ(L) denotes the Frattini subalgebra of L;that is Φ(L) is the intersection of all maximal subalgebras of L). The class Q is shown to contain all solvable Lie algebras whose derived algebra is nilpotent. Necessary conditions are found such that an ideal...