the aim of this study was to design the base breeding plan in sistani cattle by using of stochastic simulation. for this purpose, three population size (500, 1000, 2000 heads), three levels of herd number (5, 10, 20), two levels of selection intensity (high and low) and two levels of mating method (random and minimum co-ancestry) were combined together and in total 36 scenarios were compared fo...

Identification of genes and genomic regions under directional natural selection has become one of the major goals in evolutionary genetics, but relatively little work to this end has been done by applying hitchhiking mapping to wild populations. Hitchhiking mapping starts from a genome scan using a randomly spaced set of molecular markers followed by a fine-scale analysis in the flanking region...

Abstract Golovinomyces longipes is a widespread powdery mildew on Solanaceae ( Nicotiana , Petunia and Solanum spp.). In the past, it has been reported only once Verbena Verbenaceae ), non-solanaceaous host. Recently, this found composite Matricaria chamomilla . The identification of species unusual host proved by morphological studies DNA sequence analysis. Both datasets coincide with characte...

orchard grass (dactylis glomerata), a pasture and forage grass, has wide genetic distribution in iran. evolution of germplasm and selection of suitable genotypes is the first step for developing adaptable synthetic varieties. in order to investigate production potential, variation and genetic similarity of iranian orchard grass genotypes, an experiment was conducted using clonally propagated ma...

Distinguishing the relative roles of positive and negative selection along with demographic history in shaping genetic diversity has been a decades-long endeavor. Understanding the forces structuring genetic variation informs us not only about the factors maintaining diversity but also about the fundamental evolutionary parameters that influence natural populations, including the rate and stren...

Hosts and parasites often have extensive genetic diversity for resistance and virulence (host range). Qualitative diversity occurs when the success of attack is an all-or-nothing response that varies according to the genotypes of the host and parasite. Quantitative diversity occurs when the success of attack is a graded response that depends on additive genetic variation in the host and parasit...