Parafoveal preprocessing is an important factor for efficient reading and, in eye-movement studies, is typically investigated by means of parafoveal masking: Valid previews are compared to instances in which masks prevent preprocessing. A long-held assumption was that parafoveal preprocessing, as assessed by this technique, only reflects facilitation (i.e., a preview benefit). Recent studies, h...

In recent work, a set of line digitization algorithms based on the hierarchy of runs in the digital line has unified and generalized the iterative line-drawing algorithms used in computer graphics. In this paper, the additional structural information generated by these algorithms is leveraged to describe a run-based approach to draw anti-aliased line segments in which anti-aliased run-masks are...

Deficits in the early stages of visual information processing have consistently been found on the backward masking task in patients with schizophrenia, but the nature of this impairment remains unclear. Pupillography was used to measure attentional allocation during visual backward masking task performance in patients with schizophrenia (n=16) and nonpsychiatric controls (n=16). Schizophrenia p...

Pixel-level annotations are expensive and time consuming to obtain. Hence, weak supervision using only image tags could have a significant impact in semantic segmentation. Recently, CNN-based methods have proposed to fine-tune pre-trained networks using image tags. Without additional information, this leads to poor localization accuracy. This problem, however, was alleviated by making use of ob...

BACKGROUND Valved holding chambers with masks are commonly used to deliver inhaled medications to young children with asthma. Optimal mask properties such as their dead space volume have received little attention. The smaller the mask the more likely it is that a greater proportion of the dose in the VHC will be inhaled with each breath, thus speeding VHC emptying and improving overall aerosol ...

Determining the direction of visual motion poses a serious problem for any visual system, given the inherent ambiguities. Geisler (1999) has suggested that motion streaks left in the wake of a moving target provide a rich source of potential information that could aid in resolving direction ambiguities. Here we provide strong experimental evidence that the human visual system does in fact explo...

We present some novel tools for the analysis of bluenoise binary patterns. Unlike most of the existing methods that evaluate the frequency content of a given mask or its lower order statistics, our new metrics characterize the morphological content of a mask that is quantified using simple one-pass filtering. An analytical filter expression is given. As a result, one can balance the structural ...

Synthetic skills are the prerequisite and foundation for the modern chemical and pharmaceutical industry. The same is true for nanotechnology, whose development has been hindered by the sluggish advance of its synthetic toolbox, i.e., the emerging field of nanosynthesis. Unlike organic chemistry, where the variety of functional groups provides numerous handles for designing chemical selectivity...

We perform 3D lithography simulations by using a finite-element solver. To proof applicability to real 3D problems we investigate DUV light propagation through a structure of size 9μm × 4μm × 65 nm. On this relatively large computational domain we perform rigorous computations (No Hopkins) taking into account a grid of 11×21 source points with two polarization directions each. We obtain well co...

BACKGROUND Tissue counter analysis is an image analysis tool designed for the detection of structures in complex images at the macroscopic or microscopic scale. As a basic principle, small square or circular measuring masks are randomly placed across the image and image analysis parameters are obtained for each mask. Based on learning sets, statistical classification procedures are generated wh...