According to indications, already 5,000 years ago beer was brewed without heating the mash, i.e. in cold mash process. Applying this old method, question arises what extent traditional knowledge can be integrated into today's brewing processes and produce new styles at reduced energy consumption. Since mashing is hardly explored, work dedicated in-depth analysis from a process point of view. Ba...

Modern telecommunication networks and classical roles of operators are subject to fundamental change. Many network operators are currently seeking for new sources to generate revenue by exposing network capabilities to 3rd party service providers. At the same time we can observe that applications on the World Wide Web (WWW) are becoming more mature in terms of the definition of APIs that are of...

Ozonation of uncooked corn mash from the POET BPX process was investigated as a potential disinfection method for reducing bacterial contamination prior to ethanol fermentation. Corn mash (200 g) was prepared from POET ground corn and POET corn slurry and was ozonated in 250 mL polypropylene bottles. Lactic and acetic acid levels were monitored daily during the fermentation of ozonated, aerated...

Cobb male broiler chicks (1,000) on new litter were used to evaluate effects of dietary electrolyte balance [DEB; Na+K-Cl, milliequivalents (mEq) per kilogram] under tropical summer conditions. Corn-soybean meal-based mash diets had salt (NaCl) alone or in combination with one or more supplements: sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), or potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3). A comple...

Feed ingredient price has influenced nutritionists to maximize diet nutrient availability through use of exogenous enzymes. Poultry are almost exclusively fed pelleted diets that entails feed being subjected to conditions of high moisture, temperature and pressure that could partially denature added enzymes. Exogenous enzyme efficacy may be decreased or completely lost if enzymes are not able t...

Legumes build soil fertility and contribute substantial amounts of N for sustainability of cereal based cropping systems. These lacking information for the system as a whole in rainfed pothwar were investigated through field experiments at two different locations i.e. (Research farm of University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, UAAR and farmer’s fields in Chakwal district). Mung bean (Var. NM-9...

It is the common practioe that one, makes sweet-potato Shochu by fermenting the first mash consisting only of rice Koji for about 7 days and then by further fermentation of the second mash prepared by addition of the steamed, crushed sweet-potatoes to the first mash. The authors changed the process in several points: (1) Sweet-potatoes were used as cut, steamed pieces and added on the 9 th, and...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the hearing results of embedding the partial ossicular reconstruction prosthesis (PORP) underneath the malleus with the malleus relocation technique and tympanic membrane graft in the presence of the malleus. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of patient charts and audiometric results in a tertiary referral center was conducted. In tota...