light is never being distributed homogeneously and it forms a gradient over biomass. the unidirectional nature of light gives rise to a vertical gradient of light intensity as a function of depth. the maximum depth of the light zone suitable for phytoplankton photosynthesis is designated as the euphotic depth. this study was designed to test the hypothesis of mixing depth of phytoplankton and i...

In this article, we aim to explain what causes the depth of a stock market drawdown using discretionary global macro approach. Our key finding is that increase in credit risk high/very high level after beginning significantly explains drawdown. An expected aggressive monetary policy tightening can trigger correction, especially if accompanied with recession probability. Further, an easing, as s...

This paper investigates the relationship between trade duration and liquidity of Chinese stock market. By using data of ten stocks in Chinese stock market, we employ a Weibull ACD model to decompose trade duration into two components: the expected and the unexpected duration. Then we analyze whether trade duration affects liquidity with regressions. Finally, we find that there exists a strong d...

Carcass data were collected from market barrows and gilts (n = 325) slaughtered at a commercial slaughter facility in Canada to estimate carcass composition from longitudinal average fat depth and muscle depth measured automatically by a computerized real-time ultrasonic system. Similar and other ultrasonic measurements were also made manually from the same carcasses for comparison purposes. Re...

The dramatic increase in interorganizational partnering in the last two decades raises questions regarding the value impact of alliances. Using event study methodology, this paper tests whether stock market reactions differ when an alliance formation or termination is announced. In addition, it provides an in-depth analysis of potential determinants of stock market reactions. The results show t...

This paper surveys recent literature in the area of Neural Network, Data Mining, Hidden Markov Model and Neuro-Fuzzy system used to predict the stock market fluctuation. Neural Networks and Neuro-Fuzzy systems are identified to be the leading machine learning techniques in stock market index prediction area. The Traditional techniques are not cover all the possible relation of the stock price f...

Recently work on technological change has emphasized the importance and implications of di¤erent knowledge bases among industries in terms of innovative potential. In some industries, products and processes have become more complex, as well as there appears to be increased convergence in some market segments. Although increasing attention has been given to features of knowledge bases, there hav...

The objective of this study was to document and understand the perceptions and opinions of small-scale poultry producers who market directly to consumers about microbial food safety risks in the poultry supply chain. Between January and November 2014, we conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with a convenience sample of 16 owner-operators of Maryland direct-market commercial poultry fa...

This paper studies market activity in the ―millisecond environment,‖ where computer algorithms respond to each other almost instantaneously. Using order-level NASDAQ data, we find that the millisecond environment consists of activity by some traders who respond to market events (like changes in the limit order book) within roughly 2-3 ms, and others who seem to cycle in wall-clock time (e.g. ac...

China has changed from the surviving stage to the developing stage. In developing stage, the demand for life quality has increased, more and more people are participating in sports, thus new challenges has presented themselves in the development of sports nutrition industry. This paper uses research methods such as literature research, field research, case study, comparative study and others, i...